Data Structure
Networking
RDBMS
Operating System
Java
MS Excel
iOS
HTML
CSS
Android
Python
C Programming
C++
C#
MongoDB
MySQL
Javascript
PHP
Physics
Chemistry
Biology
Mathematics
English
Economics
Psychology
Social Studies
Fashion Studies
Legal Studies
- Selected Reading
- UPSC IAS Exams Notes
- Developer's Best Practices
- Questions and Answers
- Effective Resume Writing
- HR Interview Questions
- Computer Glossary
- Who is Who
How to convert factor levels into character in R?
To convert factor levels into character then we can use as.character function by accessing the column of the data frame that contain factor values. For example, if we have a data frame df which contains a factor column named as Gender then this column can be converted into character column as as.character(df$Gender).
Example
Consider the below data frame −
set.seed(121) x1<−as.factor(sample(LETTERS[1:5],20,replace=TRUE)) x2<−rnorm(20,1,0.4) df1<−data.frame(x1,x2) df1
Output
x1 x2 1 D 0.7827428 2 D 0.5519596 3 D 0.3852095 4 D 0.3349047 5 A 1.1618117 6 C 0.4082440 7 A 1.5988801 8 C 0.9368104 9 C 1.0383650 10 E 0.2883935 11 D 0.3859827 12 E 1.5254714 13 D 1.2963078 14 A 0.2446046 15 E 0.4702711 16 B 1.1655974 17 B 0.9342977 18 C 0.9110071 19 A 1.3317495 20 B 1.6616840
Example
str(df1)
Output
'data.frame': 20 obs. of 2 variables: $ x1: Factor w/ 5 levels "A","B","C","D",..: 4 4 4 4 1 3 1 3 3 5 ... $ x2: num 0.783 0.552 0.385 0.335 1.162 ...
Converting x1 to character column −
df1$x1<−as.character(df1$x1) str(df1)
Output
'data.frame': 20 obs. of 2 variables: $ x1: chr "D" "D" "D" "D" ... $ x2: num 0.783 0.552 0.385 0.335 1.162 ...
Let’s have a look at another example −
Example
y1<−as.factor(sample(c("India","Canada","Russia"),20,replace=TRUE))
y2<−rpois(20,3)
df2<−data.frame(y1,y2)
df2Output
y1 y2 1 Russia 4 2 Canada 1 3 India 5 4 India 3 5 India 3 6 Canada 3 7 Canada 1 8 Canada 1 9 Canada 0 10 India 4 11 Canada 4 12 Canada 5 13 Canada 3 14 India 3 15 Russia 4 16 India 4 17 Canada 3 18 Russia 7 19 India 2 20 Canada 3
Example
str(df2)
Output
'data.frame': 20 obs. of 2 variables: $ y1: Factor w/ 3 levels "Canada","India",..: 3 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 ... $ y2: int 4 1 5 3 3 3 1 1 0 4 ...
Converting y1 to character column −
df2$y1<−as.character(df2$y1) str(df2)
Output
'data.frame': 20 obs. of 2 variables: $ y1: chr "Russia" "Canada" "India" "India" ... $ y2: int 4 1 5 3 3 3 1 1 0 4 ...
Updated on: 17-Oct-2020
4K+ Views
Advertisements