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How to convert columns of an R data frame into rows?
If the row values are incorrectly recorded into columns then we might want to convert the columns into rows. Thus, to convert columns of an R data frame into rows we can use transpose function t. For example, if we have a data frame df with five columns and five rows then we can convert the columns of the df into rows by using as.data.frame(t(df)).
Example
set.seed(4) x1<-rnorm(5,10,2) x2<-letters[1:5] x3<-1:5 df1<-data.frame(x1,x2,x3) df1
Output
x1 x2 x3 1 10.433510 a 1 2 8.915015 b 2 3 11.782289 c 3 4 11.191961 d 4 5 13.271236 e 5
Converting columns of df1 to rows −
Example
df1_new<-as.data.frame(t(df1)) df1_new
Output
V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 x1 10.433510 8.915015 11.782289 11.191961 13.271236 x2 a b c d e x3 1 2 3 4 5
Example
a<-sample(0:1,20,replace=TRUE) b<-sample(0:5,20,replace=TRUE) c<-sample(1:10,20,replace=TRUE) d<-sample(6:10,20,replace=TRUE) df2<-data.frame(a,b,c,d) df2
Output
a b c d 1 0 3 5 10 2 1 4 9 10 3 1 4 2 9 4 1 5 10 7 5 1 4 4 6 6 1 0 8 6 7 1 5 10 9 8 0 2 2 6 9 1 5 10 9 10 0 4 6 9 11 0 3 10 9 12 0 0 6 10 13 0 3 1 10 14 0 5 4 7 15 1 2 2 10 16 1 4 4 10 17 0 3 3 8 18 0 3 1 7 19 1 5 7 9 20 1 5 7 7
Converting columns of df2 to rows −
Example
df2_new<-as.data.frame(t(df2)) df2_new
Output
V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20 a 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 b 3 4 4 5 4 0 5 2 5 4 3 0 3 5 2 4 3 3 5 5 c 5 9 2 10 4 8 10 2 10 6 10 6 1 4 2 4 3 1 7 7 d 10 10 9 7 6 6 9 6 9 9 9 10 10 7 10 10 8 7 9 7
Example
y1<-LETTERS[1:20] y2<-letters[1:20] y3<-sample(LETTERS[1:4],20,replace=TRUE) df3<-data.frame(y1,y2,y3) df3
Output
y1 y2 y3 1 A a A 2 B b A 3 C c D 4 D d C 5 E e C 6 F f B 7 G g A 8 H h C 9 I i B 10 J j A 11 K k A 12 L l C 13 M m C 14 N n A 15 O o A 16 P p C 17 Q q D 18 R r D 19 S s D 20 T t D
Converting columns of df3 to rows −
Example
df3_new<-as.data.frame(t(df3)) df3_new
Output
V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20 y1 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T y2 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t y3 A A D C C B A C B A A C C A A C D D D D
Example
z1<-rpois(20,10) z2<-rpois(20,5) z3<-rpois(20,8) z4<-rpois(20,4) df4<-data.frame(z1,z2,z3,z4) df4
Output
z1 z2 z3 z4 1 10 11 13 2 2 8 3 9 2 3 6 4 10 3 4 16 6 10 4 5 9 7 5 8 6 4 5 5 3 7 7 4 3 2 8 8 2 9 3 9 12 6 9 4 10 15 7 9 3 11 8 5 10 2 12 20 4 6 4 13 5 4 10 8 14 10 2 8 1 15 20 5 9 3 16 5 5 8 5 17 13 5 8 6 18 7 1 14 3 19 12 2 9 6 20 9 8 11 2
Converting columns of df4 to rows −
Example
df4_new<-as.data.frame(t(df4)) df4_new
Output
V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20 z1 10 8 6 16 9 4 7 8 12 15 8 20 5 10 20 5 13 7 12 9 z2 11 3 4 6 7 5 4 2 6 7 5 4 4 2 5 5 5 1 2 8 z3 13 9 10 10 5 5 3 9 9 9 10 6 10 8 9 8 8 14 9 11 z4 2 2 3 4 8 3 2 3 4 3 2 4 8 1 3 5 6 3 6 2
Updated on: 17-Oct-2020
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