Explain the insertion sort by using C language.

Sorting is the process of arranging the elements either in ascending (or) descending order.

Types of sorting

C language provides five sorting techniques, which are as follows −

Bubble sort (or) Exchange Sort
Selection sort
Insertion sort(or) Linear sort
Quick sort (or) Partition exchange sort
Merge Sort (or) External sort

Insertion Sort

The logic used to sort the elements by using the insertion sort technique is as follows −

for(i = 1; i <= n - 1; i++){
   for(j = i; j > 0 && a[j - 1] > a[j]; j--){
      t = a[j];
      a[j] = a[j - 1];
      a[j - 1] = t;
   }
}

Explanation

Let us consider some elements which are in unsorted order −

Example

Following is the C program to sort the elements by using the insertion sort technique −

#include<stdio.h>
int main() {
   int a[50], i,j,n,t;
   printf("enter the No: of elements in the list:\n");
   scanf("%d", &n);
   printf("enter the elements:\n");
   for(i=0; i<n; i++){
      scanf ("%d", &a[i]);
   }
   for(i = 1; i <= n - 1; i++){
      for(j=i; j > 0 && a[j - 1] > a[j]; j--){
         t = a[j];
         a[j] = a[j - 1];
         a[j - 1] = t;
      }
   }
   printf ("after insertion sorting the elements are:\n");
   for (i=0; i<n; i++)
   printf("%d\t", a[i]);
   return 0;
}

Output

When the above program is executed, it produces the following output −

Enter the No: of elements in the list:
10
Enter the elements:
34
125
2
6
78
49
1
3
89
23
After insertion sorting the elements are:
1 2 3 6 23 34 49 78 89 125

Bhanu Priya

Published on 25-Mar-2021 09:13:03

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