
- D Programming Basics
- D Programming - Home
- D Programming - Overview
- D Programming - Environment
- D Programming - Basic Syntax
- D Programming - Variables
- D Programming - Data Types
- D Programming - Enums
- D Programming - Literals
- D Programming - Operators
- D Programming - Loops
- D Programming - Decisions
- D Programming - Functions
- D Programming - Characters
- D Programming - Strings
- D Programming - Arrays
- D Programming - Associative Arrays
- D Programming - Pointers
- D Programming - Tuples
- D Programming - Structs
- D Programming - Unions
- D Programming - Ranges
- D Programming - Aliases
- D Programming - Mixins
- D Programming - Modules
- D Programming - Templates
- D Programming - Immutables
- D Programming - File I/O
- D Programming - Concurrency
- D Programming - Exception Handling
- D Programming - Contract
- D - Conditional Compilation
- D Programming - Object Oriented
- D Programming - Classes & Objects
- D Programming - Inheritance
- D Programming - Overloading
- D Programming - Encapsulation
- D Programming - Interfaces
- D Programming - Abstract Classes
- D Programming - Useful Resources
- D Programming - Quick Guide
- D Programming - Useful Resources
- D Programming - Discussion
- Selected Reading
- UPSC IAS Exams Notes
- Developer's Best Practices
- Questions and Answers
- Effective Resume Writing
- HR Interview Questions
- Computer Glossary
- Who is Who
D Programming - Operators Precedence
Operator precedence determines the grouping of terms in an expression. This affects how an expression is evaluated. Certain operators are given precedence over others.
For example, the multiplication operator has higher precedence than the addition operator.
Let us consider an expression
x = 7 + 3 * 2.
Here, x is assigned 13, not 20. The simple reason is, the operator * has higher precedence than +, hence 3*2 is calculated first and then the result is added into 7.
Here, operators with the highest precedence appear at the top of the table, those with the lowest appear at the bottom. Within an expression, higher precedence operators are evaluated first.
Category | Operator | Associativity |
---|---|---|
Postfix | () [] -> . ++ - - | Left to right |
Unary | + - ! ~ ++ - - (type)* & sizeof | Right to left |
Multiplicative | * / % | Left to right |
Additive | + - | Left to right |
Shift | << >> | Left to right |
Relational | < <= > >= | Left to right |
Equality | == != | Left to right |
Bitwise AND | & | Left to right |
Bitwise XOR | ^ | Left to right |
Bitwise OR | | | Left to right |
Logical AND | && | Left to right |
Logical OR | || | Left to right |
Conditional | ?: | Right to left |
Assignment | = += -= *= /= %=>>= <<= &= ^= |= | Right to left |
Comma | , | Left to right |
Example
Try the following example to understand the operator precedence available in D programming language −
import std.stdio; int main(string[] args) { int a = 20; int b = 10; int c = 15; int d = 5; int e; e = (a + b) * c / d; // ( 30 * 15 ) / 5 writefln("Value of (a + b) * c / d is : %d\n", e ); e = ((a + b) * c) / d; // (30 * 15 ) / 5 writefln("Value of ((a + b) * c) / d is : %d\n" , e ); e = (a + b) * (c / d); // (30) * (15/5) writefln("Value of (a + b) * (c / d) is : %d\n", e ); e = a + (b * c) / d; // 20 + (150/5) writefln("Value of a + (b * c) / d is : %d\n" , e ); return 0; }
When you compile and execute the above program, it produces the following result −
Value of (a + b) * c / d is : 90 Value of ((a + b) * c) / d is : 90 Value of (a + b) * (c / d) is : 90 Value of a + (b * c) / d is : 50