C Program for subtraction of matrices

Given two matrices MAT1[row][column] and MAT2[row][column] we have to find the difference between two matrices and print the result obtained after subtraction of two matrices. Subtraction of two matrices are MAT1[n][m] – MAT2[n][m].

For subtraction the number of rows and columns of both matrices should be same.

Example

Input:
MAT1[N][N] = { {1, 2, 3},
   {4, 5, 6},
   {7, 8, 9}}
MAT2[N][N] = { {9, 8, 7},
   {6, 5, 4},
   {3, 2, 1}}
Output:
-8 -6 -4
-2 0 2
4 6 8

Approach used below is as follows −

We will iterate both matrix for every row and column and subtract the values of mat2[][] from mat1[][] and store the result in a result[][] where row and column remain same for all the matrices.

Algorithm

In fucntion void subtract(int MAT1[][N], int MAT2[][N], int RESULT[][N])
   Step 1-> Declare 2 integers i, j
   Step 2-> Loop For i = 0 and i < N and i++
      Loop For j = 0 and j < N and j++
      Set RESULT[i][j] as MAT1[i][j] - MAT2[i][j]
In function int main()
   Step 1-> Declare a matrix MAT1[N][N] and MAT2[N][N]
   Step 2-> Call function subtract(MAT1, MAT2, RESULT);
   Step 3-> Print the result

Example

 Live Demo

#include <stdio.h>
#define N 3
// This function subtracts MAT2[][] from MAT1[][], and stores
// the result in RESULT[][]
void subtract(int MAT1[][N], int MAT2[][N], int RESULT[][N]) {
   int i, j;
   for (i = 0; i < N; i++)
   for (j = 0; j < N; j++)
   RESULT[i][j] = MAT1[i][j] - MAT2[i][j];
}
int main() {
   int MAT1[N][N] = { {1, 2, 3},
      {4, 5, 6},
      {7, 8, 9}
      };
   int MAT2[N][N] = { {9, 8, 7},
      {6, 5, 4},
      {3, 2, 1}
   };
   int RESULT[N][N]; // To store result
   int i, j;
   subtract(MAT1, MAT2, RESULT);
   printf("Resultant matrix is 
");
   for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
      for (j = 0; j < N; j++)
      printf("%d ", RESULT[i][j]);
      printf("
");
   }
   return 0;
}

Output

If run the above code it will generate the following output −

Resultant matrix is
-8 -6 -4
-2  0  2
 4  6  8

Sunidhi Bansal

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Updated on: 21-Oct-2019

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