To translate a time instant from a seconds since the epoch floating-point value into a time-tuple, pass the floating-point value to a function (e.g., localtime) that returns a time-tuple with all nine items valid.Example Live Demo#!/usr/bin/python import time; localtime = time.localtime(time.time()) print "Local current time :", localtimeOutputThis would produce the following result, which ... Read More

Many of Python's time functions handle time as a tuple of 9 numbers, as shown below −IndexFieldValues04-digit year20081Month1 to 122Day1 to 313Hour0 to 234Minute0 to 595Second0 to 61 (60 or 61 are leap-seconds)6Day of Week0 to 6 (0 is Monday)7Day of year1 to 366 (Julian day)8Daylight savings-1, 0, 1, -1 ... Read More

Python includes the following dictionary functions −Sr.NoFunction with Description1cmp(dict1, dict2)Compares elements of both dict.2len(dict)Gives the total length of the dictionary. This would be equal to the number of items in the dictionary.3str(dict)Produces a printable string representation of a dictionary4type(variable)Returns the type of the passed variable. If passed variable is dictionary, ... Read More

Dictionary values have no restrictions. They can be any arbitrary Python object, either standard objects or user-defined objects. However, same is not true for the keys.There are two important points to remember about dictionary keys −More than one entry per key not allowed. Which means no duplicate key is allowed. ... Read More

You can either remove individual dictionary elements or clear the entire contents of a dictionary. You can also delete entire dictionary in a single operation.To explicitly remove an entire dictionary, just use the del statement.ExampleFollowing is a simple example − Live Demo#!/usr/bin/python dict = {'Name': 'Zara', 'Age': 7, 'Class': 'First'} del dict['Name']; # ... Read More

You can update a dictionary by adding a new entry or a key-value pair, modifying an existing entry, or deleting an existing entry as shown below in the simple example −Example Live Demo#!/usr/bin/python dict = {'Name': 'Zara', 'Age': 7, 'Class': 'First'} dict['Age'] = 8; # update existing entry dict['School'] = "DPS ... Read More

To access dictionary elements, you can use the familiar square brackets along with the key to obtain its value.ExampleFollowing is a simple example − Live Demo#!/usr/bin/python dict = {'Name': 'Zara', 'Age': 7, 'Class': 'First'} print "dict['Name']: ", dict['Name'] print "dict['Age']: ", dict['Age']OutputWhen the above code is executed, it produces the following ... Read More

Python includes the following tuple functions −Sr.NoFunction with Description1cmp(tuple1, tuple2)Compares elements of both tuples.2len(tuple)Gives the total length of the tuple.3max(tuple)Returns item from the tuple with max value.4min(tuple)Returns item from the tuple with min value.5tuple(seq)Converts a list into tuple.Read More

Any set of multiple objects, comma-separated, written without identifying symbols, i.e., brackets for lists, parentheses for tuples, etc., default to tuples, as indicated in these short examples −Example Live Demo#!/usr/bin/python print 'abc', -4.24e93, 18+6.6j, 'xyz'; x, y = 1, 2; print "Value of x , y : ", x, y;OutputWhen the ... Read More

Tuples respond to the + and * operators much like strings; they mean concatenation and repetition here too, except that the result is a new tuple, not a string.In fact, tuples respond to all of the general sequence operations we used on strings in the prior chapter −Python ExpressionResultsDescriptionlen((1, 2, ... Read More