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Articles by Mahesh Parahar
Page 5 of 14
Difference between Static and Shared libraries
In programming, a library is a collection of pre-compiled code that can be reused by programs for specific functionality. Based on how the library code is linked and loaded, libraries are classified into two types − static libraries and shared (dynamic) libraries. Static Library A static library is a library whose code is copied directly into the target executable at compile time by the linker. The resulting executable is self-contained and does not depend on external library files at runtime. Static libraries use the extensions .a (Linux) or .lib (Windows). Shared Library A shared library (also ...
Read MoreDifference between REST API and SOAP API
Web services enable communication and data exchange between different machines over a network. The two most common approaches for building web services are REST (Representational State Transfer) and SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol). REST is an architectural style, while SOAP is a formal protocol with strict standards. REST API REST (Representational State Transfer) is an architectural style that uses standard HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE) to interact with resources. REST APIs can exchange data in multiple formats including JSON, XML, HTML, and plain text. REST is lightweight, stateless, and widely used in modern web and mobile applications. ...
Read MoreDifference between Managed and Unmanaged code in .NET
The .NET Framework has a CLR (Common Language Runtime) that executes code written in .NET languages. CLR manages memory allocation, security, code optimization, and platform-specific conversion. In contrast, unmanaged code runs without CLR and is executed directly by the operating system. Managed Code Managed code is code that runs under the supervision of the CLR. The CLR provides automatic memory management (garbage collection), type safety, exception handling, and security. Code written in C#, VB.NET, and F# compiles first to IL (Intermediate Language), which the CLR then JIT-compiles to native code at runtime. Unmanaged Code Unmanaged code ...
Read MoreDifference between const char* p, char * const p, and const char * const p in C
In C programming, *p represents the value stored at the address a pointer points to, and p represents the address itself. The const keyword can be applied to the char value, the pointer, or both. The thumb rule is to read declarations from right to left. The Three Declarations Declaration Read Right-to-Left Change Value (*p)? Change Pointer (p)? const char *p p is a pointer to a constant char No Yes char * const p p is a constant pointer to a char Yes No const char * const p ...
Read MoreDifference between const int*, const int * const, and int const * in C
In C programming, *p represents the value stored at the address a pointer points to, and p represents the address itself. The const keyword can be applied to either the pointer, the value it points to, or both, creating different levels of immutability. The thumb rule for reading these declarations is to read from right to left. The Three Declarations Declaration Read Right-to-Left Change Value (*p)? Change Pointer (p)? const int *p p is a pointer to a constant int No Yes int const *p p is a pointer to a ...
Read MoreDifference between ++*p, *p++ and *++p in C
In C programming, *p represents the value stored at the address a pointer points to. ++ is the increment operator (used in both prefix and postfix forms), and * is the dereference operator. Understanding how these combine requires knowing their precedence and associativity − Prefix ++ and * have the same precedence and are right-to-left associative. Postfix ++ has higher precedence than both and is left-to-right associative. The Three Expressions Expression Equivalent To What Happens ++*p ++(*p) Dereference p, then increment the value. Pointer stays the same. *p++ *(p++) ...
Read MoreDifference between Frontend Testing and Backend Testing
A web-based application is generally based on a three-tier architecture. The first layer is the presentation layer (front-end), the second is the business/application layer, and the third is the database layer (back-end). Testing can focus on either the front-end or back-end, each requiring different skills and approaches. Three-Tier Web Application Architecture Presentation UI / Front-end Frontend Testing → Business Logic Application Layer ...
Read MoreDifference between Paging and Segmentation
Paging and Segmentation are two memory management techniques used by operating systems to efficiently allocate memory to processes. Paging divides memory into fixed-size blocks, while segmentation divides it into variable-size logical units. Paging Paging is a memory management technique in which a process address space is broken into fixed-size blocks called pages (typically a power of 2, between 512 bytes and 8192 bytes). Main memory is similarly divided into fixed-size blocks called frames, with frame size equal to page size. This ensures optimum utilization of main memory and avoids external fragmentation. Segmentation Segmentation is a memory ...
Read MoreDifference between Database and a Blockchain
A database and a blockchain are both systems for storing and managing data, but they differ fundamentally in architecture, control, and data modification capabilities. A database uses centralized storage managed by administrators, while a blockchain uses decentralized, immutable storage distributed across a network. Database A database is a data structure comprised of tables and schemas to store user and system information. It provides SQL to create, read, update, and delete records. A DBMS (Database Management System) manages the database, and database administrators control access and modify sensitive data. A database follows a client-server model architecture. Blockchain ...
Read MoreDifference between Linear and Non-linear Data Structures
Data structures are classified into linear and non-linear based on how their elements are arranged and connected. Understanding this distinction is fundamental to choosing the right data structure for a given problem. Linear Data Structures A linear data structure has data elements arranged in a sequential manner where each element is connected to its previous and next element. This sequential connection allows traversal in a single run. Linear data structures are easy to implement because computer memory is also organized sequentially. Examples include Array, List, Queue, and Stack. Non-linear Data Structures A non-linear data structure has ...
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