Cryptography is an automated mathematical tool that plays an important role in network security. It supports the confidentiality and integrity of information and provide authentication and non-repudiation to the users.Cryptography is frequently used in distributed applications to transfer recognition and authentication information from one system to another over a network. ... Read More

Triple DES is also called a TDES. It is a symmetric key block cipher, defining that the same key can be used to encrypt and decrypt information in fixed-length set of bits known as blocks. It is known as "Triple DES" because it uses the DES cipher three times when ... Read More

The Double DES uses two example of DES cipher for encryption and two units of reverse DES cipher for decryption. Each unit of DES cipher needs multiple key for encryption which enhance the size of the key (112 bit) creating it more secure. But in the double DES can be ... Read More

Data Encryption Standard (DES) is a block cipher algorithm that takes plain text in blocks of 64 bits and transform them to ciphertext utilizing keys of 48 bits. It is a symmetric key algorithm. It can define that the same key can be used for encrypting and decrypting data.The design ... Read More

The Data Encryption Standard (DES) is a symmetric key block cipher which creates 64-bit plaintext and 56-bit key as an input and makes 64-bit cipher text as output. The DES function is create up of P and S-boxes. P-boxes transpose bits and S-boxes substitute bits to make a cipher.DES is ... Read More

DES is a block cipher. The encryption procedure is create of two permutations (Pboxes) that it can be defined initial and final permutations, and 16 Feistel rounds. Each round need a different 48-bit round key created from the cipher key according to a pre-represented algorithm. The DES function uses a ... Read More

There are two main variations of Data Encryption Standard are as follows −Double DES − Double DES is an encryption approach which need two instance of DES on same plain text. In both instances it uses multiple keys to encrypt the plain text. Both keys are needed at the time ... Read More

There are various elements of DES which are as follows −Use of S-Boxes − The tables used for substitution i.e., the S-boxes, in DES are kept hidden by IBM. IBM supports that it took them over 17 person years to appear up with the internal design of the S-boxes.Key Length ... Read More

This operation expands the right half of the information, R from 32 bits to 48 bits and this operation changes the order of the bits as well as repeating specific bits. It is called an expansion permutation.This operation has two objective including it creates the right half the similar size ... Read More

DES uses 16 rounds. Each of the 16 rounds includes the broad-level steps are as follows −Key Transformation − An initial 64-bit key is changed into a 56-bit key by discarding each 8th bit of the initial key. Therefore for each round, a 56 bit key is available. From this ... Read More