You can put said class where you want.exampleproject   foo      bar.py      baz.py      qux.pyThen you can import your qux.py module by using import.from project.foo.qux import *Making directory is better when you are dealing with a large number of files. For example −project     foo ... Read More

Object serialization and deserialization are a routine aspect of any non-trivial Python program. Saving to a file, reading a configuration file, responding to an HTTP request, all involve object serialization and deserialization. Serialization and deserialization involve various schemes, formats and protocols to stream Python objects and to get them back later ... Read More

Given a string as user input to a python function, I'd like to get a class object out of it if there's a class with that name in the currently defined namespace.Exampleclass Foobar:     pass print eval("Foobar") print type(Foobar)Output __main__.Foobar Another way to convert a string to class ... Read More

To instantiate the python class, we need to get the class name first. This is achieved by following codedef get_class( kls ):     parts = kls.split('.')     module = ".".join(parts[:-1])     m = __import__( module )     for comp in parts[1:]:         m ... Read More

Declarations anywhere in the class(other than in __init__) and declarations in the __init__method are not the same. The following code shows this to be true.Exampleimport sys class foo():     print 'within class'     def __init__(self):         print 'within init'     def do_smthng(self):     ... Read More

In Python 2.x there are two styles of classes depending on the presence or absence of a built-in type as a base-class −‘Old style’ or "Classic" style classes: they have no built-in type as a base class −>>> class OldFoo:      # no base class ...     pass ... Read More

__init__ "__init__" is a reserved method in python classes. It is known as a constructor in OOP concepts. This method called when an object is created from the class and it allows the class to initialize the attributes of a class.How can we use  "__init__ " ?Let's consider that we are ... Read More

The code below shows the if the attribute 'foo' was defined or derived in the classes A and B.Exampleclass A:     foo = 1 class B(A):     pass print A.__dict__ #We see that the attribute foo is there in __dict__ of class A. So foo is defined in ... Read More

The following code prints the list of methods of the given class as followsExampleclass foo:     def __init__(self):         self.x = x     def bar(self):         pass     def baz(self):         pass print (type(foo)) import inspect print(inspect.getmembers(foo, predicate=inspect.ismethod))OutputThe output is  [('__init__', ), ('bar', ), ('baz', )]

Getters and setters are used in many object oriented programming languages to ensure the principle of data encapsulation. They are known as mutator methods as well. Data encapsulation is seen as the bundling of data with the methods that operate on these data. These methods are of course the getter ... Read More