Suppose we have list of numbers called nums and another two variables k and t. Let us consider an operation where we choose an element say e in range [-k, k] and insert it to nums at the end. We have to find the minimum number of operations needed so the sum of the nums equals to target.So, if the input is like nums = [3, 1] k = 4 t = 19, then the output will be 4 because we can add like [3, 1, 4, 4, 4, 3] to get the sum 19.To solve this, we will follow ... Read More

Suppose we have an array called nums, containing decimal digits of a number. For example, [2, 5, 6] is for 256. We have to add 1 with this number and return the list in same format as before.So, if the input is like nums = [2, 6, 9], then the output will be [2, 7, 0].To solve this, we will follow these steps −i := size of nums - 1while i >= 0, doif nums[i] + 1 = 0:       if nums[i] + 1

Suppose we have a list called reviews and a threshold value t. Each item in reviews[i] has [x, y] means product i had x number of 5-star rating and y number of reviews. We have to find the minimum number of additional 5-star reviews we need so that the percentage of 5-star reviews for those items list is at least t percent.So, if the input is like reviews = [[3, 4], [1, 2], [4, 6]] threshold = 78, then the output will be 7, as in total there were 8 5-star reviews and 12 reviews. To reach 78% 5-star reviews, ... Read More

Suppose we have a string s whose length is n. We also have a list of queries Q, where Q[i] contains a pair (l, r). For each query we have to count number of different substrings of s in the inclusive range between l and r.So, if the input is like s = "ppqpp" Q = [(1, 1), (1, 4), (1, 1), (0, 2)], then the output will be [1, 8, 1, 5] becauseFor query (1, 1) the only substring is 'p' so output is 1For query (1, 4) the substrings are 'p', 'q', 'pq', 'qp', 'pp', 'pqp', 'qpp' and ... Read More

Suppose we have two strings s and a set of query Q. Where Q[i] contains pair (l, r), for each substring of s from l to r, we have to find number of substrings s from x to y where they are similar. Two strings s and t are similar if they follow these rules −They are of same lengthFor each pair of indices (i, j), if s[i] is same as s[j], then it must satisfy t[i] = t[j], and similarly if s[i] is not same as s[j], then t[i] and t[j] must be different.So, if the input is like ... Read More

Suppose, we have two strings. We want to make a lexically minimum string from those strings. To make the string we compare the first letter of the two strings and extract the lexically smaller letter from one of the strings. In the case of a tie i.e, the letters are the same; we extract the letter from the first string. We repeat this process until both the strings are empty. The minimal string constructed has to be returned.So, if the input is like input_1 = 'TUTORIALS', input_2 = 'POINT', then the output will be POINTTUTORIALSIf we compare the two strings, ... Read More

Suppose we are given an array and asked to perform insertion sort on it. In insertion sort, each element in an array is shifted to its correct position in the array. We have to find out the total number of shifts required to sort an array. The total number of shifts is an integer number and if the array is already sorted, we return 0.So, if the input is like input_array = [4, 5, 3, 1, 2], then the output will be 8[4, 5, 3, 1, 2] = 0 shifts [4, 5, 3, 1, 2] = 0 shifts ... Read More

Suppose we have an array of different triangles where triangles[i] = [ai, bi, ci] these are the sides of ith triangle. We shall have to sort the triangles based on their area. The area of a triangle by using sides is: square root of p*(p-a)*(p-b)*(p-c) where p = (a+b+c)/2.So, if the input is like (7, 24, 25), (5, 12, 13), (3, 4, 5), then the output will be (3, 4, 5), (5, 12, 13), (7, 24, 25)To solve this, we will follow these steps −Define triangle object with sides a, b and cDefine a function square(), this will take Triangle ... Read More

Suppose we want to make some functions that can take multiple arguments, there are no fixed number of arguments. We want to make three functions sum(), max() and min(), they can calculate sum of the numbers, maximum of numbers and minimum of given numbers respectively. Each of these functions will take number of arguments count as their first argument. To define this type of functions we need to use ellipsis (...) three dots into the function argument. To use it we shall have to include stdarg.h header file. This type of function is called variadict functions. To access variable arguments ... Read More

Suppose we have few strings in an array. We shall have to find all permutations of them in different line.So, if the input is like strings = ["abc", "def", "ghi"], then the output will beabc def ghi abc ghi def def abc ghi def ghi abc ghi abc def ghi def abcTo solve this, we will follow these steps −Define a function next_permutation(), this will take n, string array s, for initialize i := n - 1, when i > 0, update (decrease i by 1), do:if s[i] > s[i - 1]), then:j := i + 1for j < n, ... Read More