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Page 1991 of 2109
First non-repeating character using one traversal of string in C++
In this tutorial, we are going to learn how to find the first non-repeating character in the given string. Let's see an example.Input −tutorialspointOutput −uLet's see the steps to solve the problem.Initialize the string.Initialize a map char and array to store the frequency of the characters in the string.Iterate over the string.Find the frequency of each character and store them in the map.Store the index of the character as well.Iterate over the character frequencies in the map.Print the first character with the frequency 1.ExampleLet's see the code.#include #include using namespace std; void findDistinctCharacters(string random_string) { // initializing ...
Read MoreCount of operations to make a binary string "ab" free in C++
We are given a string which can contain “ab” and the task is to calculate the count of operations required to remove or delete “ab” from the string. So, our task is to firstly check whether the string contains “ab” or not if yes then we have to make string “ab” free.Input − string str = "ababaa"Output − Count of operations to make a binary string “ab” free are − 4Explanation − As we can see in the string “ab” pattern is occurring two times so we will replace “ab” with “bba” so the count of operations is 1 and ...
Read MoreCount rotations of N which are Odd and Even in C++
We are given a number N. The goal is to count the rotations of N that make an odd number and rotations that make an even number. If the number N is 123 its rotations would be 123, 321, 132. The odd rotations are 123 and 321 ( 2 ) and even rotation is 132 ( 1 ).Let us understand with examples.Input − N= 54762Output −Count of rotations of N which are Odd are − 2Count of rotations of N which are Even are − 3Explanation − Rotations are −54762, 25476, 62547, 76254, 47625.Even rotations are 3 − 54762, 25476, ...
Read MoreHow to add a straight line to a plot in R starting from bottom left and ending at top right?
The abline function can give us a straight line from intercept 0 with slope 1 in an existing plot. We would need to pass the coefficients inside the function as abline(coef = c(0,1)). Therefore, we can use this function to add a line starting from bottom left and ending at top right. This is also called diagonal line because it joins the end points on one side with the opposite of the other side.Example> plot(1:10,type="n") > abline(coef=c(0,1))Output:
Read MoreHow to display central limit theorem using uniform random variable in R?
The central limit theorem says that as the sample size increases the distribution of the sample means approaches normal distribution. Therefore, irrespective of the actual population distribution if we take samples of larger size and find the mean of these samples then the distribution of these sample means will be approximately normal. We can display this in R, by creating the histogram of such type of means.Example1> x y
Read MoreHow to create a plot in base R with mixed font of plot title such as default and italics?
We sometimes want to highlight the main title of a plot and one of the ways to do it is changing the font of the title to a unique or using a mixed font for the title. If we want to used mixed font then we need to use the appropriate font style for the title inside as shown in the below examples.Example1> plot(rpois(10,5),main=substitute(paste(italic("Point Chart"),": Poisson Distribution")))Output:Example2> plot(rpois(10,2),main=substitute(paste(bold("Point Chart"),": Poisson Distribution")))Output:
Read MoreHow to create bitmap display in R?
The X Window System is a windowing system for bitmap displays. In R, we can create this graphical display by simply typing x11 in the R console and the graphic interface will pop-up on the right-hand side. We can change the width and height of this display by using the arguments width and height inside x11 call. There are many other arguments of x11 that helps us to change the aesthetic property of the bitmap display. The description of those arguments is as written below:Displaythe display on which the graphics window will appear. The default is to use the value ...
Read MoreHow to create a boxplot in base R without any axes except Y?
The boxplot function in base R helps us to create the boxplot without any hustle but this plot is covered with a square bracket and also takes the Y-axis labels on left-hand side. We can get rid of this square bracket without making an impact on the Y-axis labels. For this purpose, we need to use frame.plot = FALSE argument inside the boxplot function.Example1> x boxplot(x,frame.plot=FALSE)Output:Example2> y boxplot(y,frame.plot=FALSE)Output:Example3> z boxplot(z,frame.plot=FALSE)Output:
Read MoreHow to extract variables of an S4 object in R?
Suppose we want to create an S4 with defined name data and two numerical columns called by x and y then we can use setClass("data", representation(x1="numeric", x2="numeric")). Now, if we want to extract the variables of this S4 object then we would need to use @ sign instead of $ sign as in a data frame.Example1> setClass("data1", representation(x1="numeric", x2="numeric")) > data1 data1OutputAn object of class "data1" Slot "x1": [1] -0.586187627 0.853689097 -0.602612795 -2.194235741 -1.318522292 [6] -0.984882420 0.273584140 0.364691611 1.025472248 1.198547297 [11] -0.709282551 -0.001441127 -0.201348012 1.296811172 1.520093861 [16] 2.071031215 0.472877022 0.616211695 0.642165615 -0.122773000 Slot "x2": [1] 0.38902289 0.20631450 0.02105516 0.24891420 ...
Read MoreHow to display star/asterisk sign (*) inside a base R plot?
To display characters inside a base R plot we can simply use text function with expression and if we want to display an asterisk then we need to put the asterisk within double quotes. For example, if we want to display three stars then only expression(paste("***"))) should be used. Check out the below examples to understand how it works.Example1> plot(1:10,type="n") > text(8,9,expression(paste(Sig.^"***")))OutputExample2> plot(1:10,type="n") > text(5,6,expression(paste(Less_Sig.^"**")))OutputExample3> plot(1:10,type="n") > text(2,3,expression(paste(Very_Less_Sig.^"**")))Output
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