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Page 1985 of 2109
How to change the linetype for geom_vline in R?
To change the linetype for geom_vline, we can use linetype argument in geom_vline function of ggplot2 package. There are mainly six linetypes that can be used and these values are 0=blank, 1=solid (default), 2=dashed, 3=dotted, 4=dotdash, 5=longdash, 6=twodash.Consider the below data frame −x
Read MoreHow to create a perpendicular arrow in base R plot?
To create a perpendicular arrow in base R plot, we can use arrows function. There are five arguments of arrows function that will be used to create the perpendicular arrow. The first four values define the position of the arrow and the last argument xpd allows R to create the arrow. Check out the below examples to understand how it works.Exampleplot(1:10) arrows(1,-1,1,0,xpd=TRUE)OutputExampleplot(1:10) arrows(1,-1,1,2,xpd=TRUE)OutputExampleplot(1:10) arrows(2,-1,2,2,xpd=TRUE)Output
Read MoreHow to fill histogram bars using ggplot2 in R with different colors?
When we create histogram using ggplot2 we need to pass the number of bins we want to have in the histogram and on the basis of these bin numbers the histogram will be created, these bin numbers are actually the number of bars we will have in the histogram. To fill those bars with different colors, we need to use fill argument and pass a range of values equal to the number of bins as shown in the below example.Consider the below data frame −x
Read MoreHow to display mean in a histogram using ggplot2 in R?
To display mean in a histogram using ggplot2, we can use geom_vline function where we need to define the x-intercept value as the mean of the column for which we want to create the histogram. Also, we can change the size of the line for mean in the histogram by using size argument inside geom_vline function.Consider the below data frame −x
Read MoreHow to remove Y-axis labels in R?
When we create a plot in R, the Y-axis labels are automatically generated and if we want to remove those labels, the plot function can help us. For this purpose, we need to set ylab argument of plot function to blank as ylab="" and yaxt="n" to remove the axis title. This is a method of base R only, not with ggplot2 package.Examplex
Read MoreHow to include a zero with tick in base R plot?
When we create a plot in base R the Y-axis values are generated automatically and mostly zero is now shown except in few cases that can’t be defined in particular but happens when there exists a zero in data. Therefore, if we want to include a zero with tick in base R plot then ylim argument can be used with the plot function.Exampleplot(5,ylim=c(0,5))OutputExampleplot(rnorm(100),ylim=c(-5,5))OutputExampleplot(rpois(10,2),ylim=c(0,10))Output
Read MoreHow to inherit multiple interfaces in Java?
An interface in Java is similar to class but, it contains only abstract methods and fields which are final and static.Just like classes you can extend one interface from another using the extends keyword. You can also extend multiple interfaces from an interface using the extends keyword, by separating the interfaces using comma (, ) as −interface MyInterface extends ArithmeticCalculations, MathCalculations{ExampleFollowing is the Java program demonstrating, how to extend multiple interfaces from a single interface.interface ArithmeticCalculations{ public abstract int addition(int a, int b); public abstract int subtraction(int a, int b); } interface MathCalculations { public abstract double ...
Read MoreTim Sort Algorithm in C++
The Timsort is a stable sorting algorithm that uses the idea of merge sort and insertion sort. It can also be called as a hybrid algorithm of insertion and merge sort. It is widely used in Java, Python, C, and C++ inbuilt sort algorithms. The idea behind this algorithm is to sort small chunks using insertion sort and then merge all the big chunks using the merge function of the merge sort algorithm.WorkingIn this algorithm, the array is divided into small chunks. The chunks are known as RUN. Each RUN is taken and sorted using the insertion sort technique. After ...
Read MoreWhat are Delannoy Numbers? Write a program in C++ to find the Delannoy number
Delannoy Numbers − A Delannoy number D describes the number of paths from the southwest corner(0, 0) to northeast corner(a, b) in a rectangular grid using only allowed steps east ( →), northeast ( ↗ ) and north ( ↑ ).Thus, we can say that a recurrence relation is, D(a, b) = D(a-1, b) + D(a, b-1) + D(a-1, b-1) where D(0, 0)=1.For example, the Delannoy number D(3, 3) equals 63.Algorithm to find the Delannoy NumberTake two coordinates (a, b) as Input.An Integer function generateDelannoy(int a, int b) which takes coordinates ‘a’ and ‘b’ as input.In the base case, we ...
Read MoreValidate IPv6 address using ReGex patterns in C++
Given an IP Address, the task is to validate this IP address and check whether it is IPv6 or not with the help of ReGex(Regular Expression). If the IP Address is valid then print “IPv6 Address” otherwise print “Not”.A valid IPv4 address is an IP in the form "XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX" where each Xi digit is a hexadecimal digit. For example, Input-1 −IP= “3001:0da8:82a3:0:0:8B2E:0270:7224”Output −“Not”Explanation − This is not a valid IPv6 address, return “Not”.Input-2 −IP= “2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334”Output −“IPv6”Explanation − This is a valid IPv6 Address, return “IPv6”.Approach to solve this problemTo check whether the given IP address is IPv6 or not, we ...
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