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Server Side Programming Articles
Page 1378 of 2109
Random Pick Index in C++
Suppose we have an array of integers with possible duplicates, we have to pick the index randomly of a given target number. We can assume that the given target number must exist in the array. So if the array is like [1, 2, 3, 3, 3], then pick(3), may return 2, 3, 4 randomly.To solve this, we will follow these steps −ret := - 1, cnt := 1for i in range 0 to size of vif v[i] = target, thenif random number mod cnt = 0, then ret = icnt := cnt + 1return retExample (C++)Let us see the following ...
Read MoreMajority Element II in C++
Suppose we have one integer array; we have to find those elements that appear more than floor of n/3. Here n is the size of array.So if the input is like [1, 1, 1, 3, 3, 2, 2, 2], then the results will be [1, 2]To solve this, we will follow these steps −first := 0, second := 1, cnt1 := 0, cnt2 := 0, n := size of array numsfor i in range 0 to size of n – 1x := nums[i]if x is first, then increase cnt by 1, otherwise when x is second, then increase cnt2 by ...
Read MoreDomino and Tromino Tiling in C++
Suppose we have two types of shapes, Domino and Tromino. They can be rotated like below −In a tiling, every square must be covered by a tile. Here two tilings are different if and only if there are two 4-directionally adjacent cells on the board such that exactly one of the tilings has both squares occupied by a tile.Given N, then we have to find in how many ways we can tile 2xN board? So if the input is 3, then the output will be 5. So the arrangements can be [XYZ XXZ XYY XXY XYY] and [XYZ YYZ XZZ ...
Read MoreDifferent Ways to Add Parentheses in C++
Suppose we have a string of numbers and operators, we have to find all possible results from computing all the different possible ways to group the numbers and operators. Here the valid operators are +, - and *. So if the input is like “2*3-4*5”, then the output will be [-34, -14, -10, -10, 10]. This is because −(2*(3-(4*5))) = -34((2*3)-(4*5)) = -14((2*(3-4))*5) = -10(2*((3-4)*5)) = -10(((2*3)-4)*5) = 10To solve this, we will follow these steps −Define a map called a memo.Define a method called solve(). This will take the input string as input.create an array called retif the memo ...
Read MoreCustom Sort String in C++
Suppose we have S and T two strings these are composed of lowercase letters. In S, no letter occurs more than once. S was sorted in some custom order previously. We have to permute the characters of T so that they match the order that S was sorted. More specifically, if x occurs before y in S, then x will occur before y in the returned string.So if the S = “cba” and T = “abcd”, then the output will be “cbad”. Here "a", "b", "c" appear in S, so the order of "a", "b", "c" should be "c", "b", ...
Read MoreMaximum Product of Word Lengths in C++
Suppose we have a string array called words, find the maximum value of length(word[i]) * length(word[j]) where the two words will not share the common letters. We can assume that each word will contain only lower case letters. If no such two words exist, then return 0. So if the input is like [“abcw”, “baz”, “foo”, “bar”, “xtfn”, “abcdef”], then the output will be 16, as two words can be “abcw”, “xtfn”.To solve this, we will follow these steps −Define a method called getRev(), this will take x as inputret := 0for i in range 0 to 25if x / ...
Read MoreNumber of Subarrays with Bounded Maximum in C++
Suppose we have an array A of positive integers, and two positive integers L and R are also given. We have to find the number of (contiguous, non-empty) subarrays such that the value of the maximum array element in that subarray is at least L and at most R. So if A = [2, 1, 4, 3] and L = 2 and R = 3, then output will be 3 as there are three sub arrays that meet the requirements. So these are [2], [2, 1], [3].To solve this, we will follow these steps −ret := 0, dp := 0, ...
Read MoreLargest Divisible Subset in C++
Suppose we have a set of distinct positive integers, we have to find the largest subset such that every pair like (Si, Sj) of elements in this subset satisfies: Si mod Sj = 0 or Sj mod Si = 0.So if the input is like [1, 2, 3], the possible result may come like [1, 2] or [1, 3]To solve this, we will follow these steps −Create an array ret, set endpoint := 0, retLen := 1, n := size of numsif n is 0, then return empty setsort nums arraycreate two arrays len and par of size n, initialize ...
Read MoreAll Paths From Source to Target in C++
Suppose we have a directed, acyclic graph with N nodes. We have to find all possible paths from node 0 to node N-1, and return them in any order. The graph is given as follows: the nodes are 0, 1, ..., graph.length - 1. graph[i] is a list of all nodes j for which the edge (i, j) exists.So if the input is like [[1, 2], [3], [3], []], then the output will be [[0, 1, 3], [0, 2, 3]].To solve this, we will follow these steps −Make one 2d array called resDefine a method called solve, this will take ...
Read MoreUTF-8 Validation in C++
Suppose we have a list integers representing the data. We have to check whether it is valid UTF-8 encoding or not. One UTF-8 character can be 1 to 4-byte long. There are some properties −For 1-byte character, the first bit is a 0, followed by its unicode code.For n-bytes character, the first n-bits are all 1s, the n+1 bit is 0, followed by n-1 bytes with most significant 2 bits being 10.So the encoding technique is as follows −Character Number RangeUTF-8 octet sequence0000 0000 0000 007F0xxxxxxx0000 0080 0000 07FF110xxxxx 10xxxxxx0000 0800 0000 FFFF1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx0001 0000 0010 FFFF11110xxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx ...
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