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Page 1234 of 2109
Program to find longest consecutive run of 1 in binary form of a number in C++
Suppose we have a number n, we have to find the length of the longest consecutive run of 1s in its binary representation.So, if the input is like n = 312, then the output will be 3, as 312 is 100111000 in binary and there are 3 consecutive 1s.To solve this, we will follow these steps −ret := 0, len := 0for initialize i := 0, when i < 32, update (increase i by 1), do:if n/2 is odd, then(increase len by 1)Otherwiselen := 0ret := maximum of ret and lenreturn retLet us see the following implementation to get better ...
Read MoreHow to create a horizontal bar chart using ggplot2 with labels at inside end of the bars in R?
To create a horizontal bar chart using ggplot2 package, we need to use coord_flip() function along with the geom_bar and to add the labels geom_text function is used. These two functions of ggplot2 provides enough aesthetic characteristics to create the horizontal bar chart and put the labels at inside end of the bars.Examplex
Read MoreHow to set NA values to TRUE for a Boolean column in an R data frame?
Dealing with NA values is one of the boring and almost day to day task for an analyst and hence we need to replace it with the appropriate value. If in an R data frame, we have a Boolean column that represents TRUE and FALSE values, and we have only FALSE values then we might want to replace NA’s with TRUE. In this case, we can use single square bracket and is.na to set all NA’s to TRUE.Exampleset.seed(999) S.No.
Read MoreHow to find the number of NA's in each column of an R data frame?
Sometimes the data frame is filled with too many missing values/ NA’s and each column of the data frame contains at least one NA. In this case, we might want to find out how many missing values exists in each of the columns. Therefore, we can use colSums function along with is.na in the following manner: colSums(is.na(df)) #here df refers to data frame name.Consider the below data frame −Exampleset.seed(109) x1
Read MoreHow to find contingency table of means from an R data frame using cast function?
The contingency table considers the numerical values for two categorical variables. Often, we require contingency table for counts, especially in non-parametric analysis but it is also possible that we want to use means for our analysis. Hence, we can use cast function from reshape package which solves the problem of creating contingency table easily.Consider the below data frame −Exampleset.seed(99) x1
Read MoreHow to create a transparent polygon using ggplot2 in R?
A transparent polygon just represents the border lines and a hollow area; thus, we can only understand the area covered but it becomes a little difficult to understand the scales. Hence, this visualisation technique is not as useful as others that fills the area with a different color. But it could be used if the range of the data is not large.Consider the below data frame −Exampleset.seed(123) x
Read MoreHow to plot all the values of an R data frame?
To plot all the values of an R data frame, we can use matplot function. This function plots all the values based on the columns of an R data frame and represent them by the column number. For example, if we have five columns in an R data frame then matplot will represent the first column by 1, second column by 2, third column by 3 and so on.Consider the below data frame −Exampleset.seed(555) v1
Read MoreHow to create barplot from data frame in R using rows as categories?
If we have small number of rows then we might want to create bar plot for rows instead of using columns as categories. This can be done by using barplot function but we need to convert the data frame to matrix and take the transpose of it. For example, if we have a data frame data_frame with 4 rows and 4 columns, then the barplot with rows as categories can be created as barplot(t(as.matrix(data_frame)),beside=TRUE)Consider the below data frame −Examplex1
Read MoreHow to check whether a data frame exists or not in R?
Sometimes we keep writing codes in the programming console and suddenly we need to use something that was used in the upper side of programming console then recalling it becomes a little ambiguous if we forget about it. In this case, we might want to check whether something exists or not and that something could be a data frame in R programming. For this purpose, we can use the below syntax −Syntaxexists("data_frame_name")&&is.data.frame(get("data_frame_name "))Consider the below data frame −Exampleset.seed(101) x1
Read MoreHow to plot values with log scales on x and y axis or on a single axis in R?
We can plot numerical values in R with many scales and that includes log scale as well. Also, it is possible to plot the values with log scales on both the axes. In base R, the best way to do this is defining the axes values with decimal representation as shown in the below examples with well-defined log.Consider the below vector −Exampleset.seed(555) x
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