Programming Articles - Page 2712 of 3363

An lvalue (locator value) represents an object that occupies some identifiable location in memory (i.e. has an address).rvalues are defined by exclusion. Every expression is either an lvalue or an rvalue, so, an rvalue is an expression that does not represent an object occupying some identifiable location in memory.For example, An assignment expects an lvalue as its left operand, so the following is valid:int i = 10; But this is not: int i; 10 = i;This is because i has an address in memory and is a lvalue. While 10 doesn't have an identifiable memory location and hence is an ... Read More

In this section we will see what is the fork system call in C. This fork system call is used to create a new process. This newly created process is known as child process. The current process which is creating another child process is called the parent process.A child process uses the same program counter, CPU register, same files that are used by the parent process.The fork() does not take any parameter, it returns integer values. It may return three types of integer values.Negative Number: It returns negative number when child process creation is failedZero Value: It returns Zero for ... Read More

What is an Assertions in C/C++? An assertion is a statement used to test assumptions made by the program. When an assertion fails, the program displays an error and stops. This is mainly used for debugging. In C and C++, assertions are handled using the assert() macro defined in the (C) or (C++) header file. Following is the declaration for assert() Macro. #include // in C // or #include in C++ assert(expression); The parameter of this assert() is expression: This can be a variable or any C/C++ expression. If ... Read More

Multithreading is a specialized form of multitasking and a multitasking is the feature that allows your computer to run two or more programs concurrently. In general, there are two types of multitasking: process-based and thread-based.Process-based multitasking handles the concurrent execution of programs. Thread-based multitasking deals with the concurrent execution of pieces of the same program.A multithreaded program contains two or more parts that can run concurrently. Each part of such a program is called a thread, and each thread defines a separate path of execution.C does not contain any built-in support for multithreaded applications. Instead, it relies entirely upon the ... Read More

In C/C++, we use the header files for accessing functions such as int, char, string, etc. The printf() function of C is also a built-in function that is declared in the "stdio.h" header file and it is used to print any kind of data on the console. C to Print "Hello World" without Header Files The Hello World is the given string that is used in the printf() to get the output. Make sure you don't have any headers to print the result. So, use an argument like (const char *text, ...) that solves the problem. Syntax Below is the ... Read More

In this section we will see how to execute the if and else section simultaneously in a C or C++ code. This solution is little bit tricky.When the if and else are executed one after another then it is like executing statements where if-else are not present. But here we will see if they are present how to execute them one after another.Example Code#include using namespace std; int main() {    int x = 10;    if(x > 5)   {       lebel_1: cout

In this section we will see how to convert an integer number to a string.The logic is very simple. Here we will use the sprintf() function. This function is used to print some value or line into a string, but not in the console. This is the only difference between printf() and sprintf(). Here the first argument is the string buffer. where we want to save our data.Input: User will put some numeric value say 42Output: This program will return the string equivalent result of that number like “42”Algorithm:Step 1: Take a number as argument Step 2: Create an empty ... Read More

A switch statement allows a variable to be tested for equality against a list of values. Each value is called a case, and the variable being switched on is checked for each switch case.The syntax for a switch statement in C programming language is as follows −switch(expression) {    case constant-expression :       statement(s);       break; /* optional */    case constant-expression :       statement(s);       break; /* optional */       /* you can have any number of case statements */    default : /* Optional */       ... Read More

The summaryStatistics() method in the IntStream class is used to return summary data about the elements of this stream. The syntax is as follows:IntSummaryStatistics summaryStatistics()Create an IntStream and add some elements:IntStream intStream = IntStream.of(30, 60, 90);Now, get the summary data about the above elements:IntSummaryStatistics details = intStream.summaryStatistics();The following is an example to implement IntStream summaryStatistics() method in Java:Example Live Demoimport java.util.stream.IntStream; import java.util.IntSummaryStatistics; public class Demo {    public static void main(String[] args) {       IntStream intStream = IntStream.of(30, 60, 90);       IntSummaryStatistics details = intStream.summaryStatistics();       System.out.println("Details = "+details);    } }OutputDetails = IntSummaryStatistics{count=3, ... Read More

To generate an infinite stream of integer, use the IntStream.iterate(). The method is used to iterator an IntStream.Import the following package for the IntStream class in Java:import java.util.stream.IntStream;The following is an example displaying how to generate Infinite Stream of Integers with IntStream.iterate() in Java:Exampleimport java.util.stream.IntStream; public class Main {    public static void main(String[] args) {       IntStream.iterate(0, k -> k + 2).forEach(System.out::println);    } }Here is the output that displays integers infinitely:0 2 4 6 8 10 12 . . .