Found 1011 Articles for Digital Electronics

Radon and radiation are two terms that are often used interchangeably, but they are actually different from each other. Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas, while radiation refers to the emission of energy as particles or electromagnetic waves. What is Radon? The gas radon is classified as a noble gas. It may be found at the 86th position of the periodic table. One of the most recognisable radioactive elements is radon. Radon 222 is the longest-lived radon isotope, having a half-life of around 3.8 days. This is a byproduct of the radioactive decay of uranium, thorium, and radium. Radium's ... Read More

In digital electronics and digital systems such as digital computers, calculator, etc., the binary numbers and their arithmetic operations play a vital role. Just like the decimal number system, we can perform all the four basic arithmetic operations, i.e. addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of binary numbers as well. Read this article to learn how you can add two n-bit binary numbers. What is Binary Addition? Binary addition is a basic arithmetic operation performed on binary numbers in which two binary number of any digit are added to obtain a sum. As we know, a binary number system has base ... Read More

Read this article to learn how you can use the K-Map (Karnaugh Map) to reduce a Boolean function in six variables. Let's start with a brief introduction to Karnaugh Map (K-Map). Karnaugh Map (K-Map) The Karnaugh Map or K-Map is a graphical method of reducing a Boolean function to its minimal form. The K-Map can be defined as a chart or a graph that is composed of an arrangement of adjacent squares or cells, where each cell represents a particular combination of variables of the Boolean expression either in sum or product form. A typical 2 Variable K-Map is represented ... Read More

For IoT projects, we need to use a microcontroller. ESP32 is one such microcontroller that can be used to start learning IOT and making IOT circuits. It is therefore important to learn about its pins layout and also what is the purpose of each pin and how it can be used. In this article, first, the layout of pins available in ESP32 Wroom 30-pin microcontroller is specified. Then the different types of pins that are available in ESP32 are described. ESP32 is used for a variety of applications including the use of wifi, transmitters, and receiver devices, Serial Peripheral Interfaces, ... Read More

IOT ie. The Internet of Things refers to all those devices that can communicate over the Internet and can be made accessible or connectable by anybody and from anywhere in the world. IoT is already being used or has been seen implemented in different forms such as in Smart cars and watches, Smart homes, Smart irrigation systems, Smart cities, etc. To start learning IOT, first, it is important to learn about the things that are needed to make circuits. There are some simulators available to make the beginner of IOT learn these concepts without even having the IOT devices available. ... Read More

DHT11 and DHT22 sensors are sensors that can be attached to a microcontroller on a breadboard and can measure the humidity and temperature of a place. The differences between these sensors are that DHT22 is more expensive, has better temperature reading ranges, and is more accurate. These sensors can be connected to microcontrollers such as ESP32 or Arduino and can be used by programs to read the values. In this article, using two different examples, the use of DHT11 and DHT22 Sensors is demonstrated using ESP32. The circuit is made using ESP32 microcontroller and DHT sensors in actual and on ... Read More

Adafruit.io is needed to display the IOT project’s data online in real-time. It is a cloud server that can be used to connect to IoT devices through wifi and to control these devices through a dashboard. It can be used as a free service and it has got a simple easy-to-use interface to design dashboards. The key for authentication can be generated directly from the user’s account and can be included in the program to connect the IOT components to the respective dashboard. The feeds are important to make connections, using the program that connects the IOT circuit to the ... Read More

To learn about RGB led and the difference between single-color LEDs, it is important to make a circuit using a microcontroller such as ESP32 or Arduino and RGB led. Then it is important to manage that circuit using a program. There are some simulators available to make the beginner of IOT learn such concepts without even having the IOT devices available. However, to get real results, using the circuit components and making the actual circuit is important. In this article, using two different examples, the way to use the RGB led is given. In example 1, the actual circuit using ... Read More

To start learning IoT, first, it is important to learn how to make circuits using a breadboard and a microcontroller. Then it is important to control that circuit using a program. There are some simulators available to make the beginner of IOT learn both these concepts without even having the IOT devices available. However, to get real results, using the circuit components and making the actual circuit is important. In this article, using two different examples, the way to start IOT programming is given. In example 1, the Wokwi simulator is used and in example 2, the actual circuit using ... Read More

In this article, using two different examples, the use of potentiometers is demonstrated using ESP32. In the first example, the trimmer type of potentiometer is used to vary the voltage between 0 and 3V. In the second example, the slider potentiometer is used on Wokwi Simulator to show the control of a servo motor. Wokwi simulator is software that can be used for running the code and virtually testing the results without buying the components. The actual diagram of the components is often different from those used in Wokwi, so the actual form of the slider potentiometer is given in ... Read More