Histoplasmosis is an infection caused by a fungus called Histoplasma Capsulatum. The fungus lives in the environment, particularly in soil that contains large amounts of bird or bat droppings. It is also known as Cave disease or Darling’s disease. The fungus has 2 forms; yeast form is the infectious agent in humans. The mycelial form is most commonly found in the environment. Histoplasmosis affects humans in 2 forms pulmonary where the lung involvement is a prominent and disseminated form which occurs in weakened immune system patients where the infection involves other systems like the central nervous system. Symptoms of histoplasmosis ... Read More

Hirschsprung’s disease is the most common cause of lower intestinal obstruction in neonates. It is also called aganglionic megacolon. It is a congenital anomaly caused by migratory failure of neural crest cells leading to abnormal innervations of the bowel. The defect begins in the internal anal sphincter and extends proximally for a variable length. It is more common in males than females. It is suggested that the condition is caused by interaction between two proteins encoded by two genes RET Proto-oncogene on chromosome 10 and EDNRB gene on chromosome 13. Whenever there is an absence of the ganglion cells ... Read More

Golfer’s elbow is a condition that arises due to inflammation in the tendons of the elbow and makes it difficult to move. It is a very painful condition and it gets worse over time. The disease can be treated by taking proper rest and following all the safety precautions. The condition starts with little pain in the elbow and thereafter, stiffness in the elbow. The symptom is called Golfer’s elbow because the shoulder becomes it happens to people who use their wrist and elbow more and sports person are mostly affected by it. Golfer's elbow is similar to tennis elbow ... Read More

Gingiva is the muscles or gum that surrounds the teeth of our mouth. This gum holds our teeth together and helps to prevent food particles to enter the teeth. In gingivitis, the gum becomes inflamed, the primary reason for the same is plague build up. Plague gets in the teeth due to cavities. Cavities are formed due to acids produced by bacteria which arise due to improper dental hygiene. Cavities are holes in teeth that happen to almost 80 percent of all people till they reach their 30s. Cavities form when acid produced by bacteria wears down a tooth's outer ... Read More

In the esophagus, the tube that joins the neck and stomach, there are swollen veins called esophageal varices. Those with severe liver problems are more susceptible to developing esophageal varices. When a clot or scar tissue in the liver blocks normal blood flow to the liver, esophageal varices form. Blood enters smaller blood arteries, which are not intended to carry high amounts of blood, to circumvent the obstructions. The blood arteries have the potential to rupture and release life-threatening amounts of blood. There are a few medications and medical treatments that can be used to lessen or halt esophageal variceal ... Read More

The esophagus is a long, hollow tube that connects your throat to your stomach. Esophageal cancer is a type of cancer that develops there. The food you swallow is moved through your esophagus from the back of your throat to your stomach so it may be digested. Usually, the cells that line the inside of the esophagus are where esophageal cancer develops. Everywhere along the esophagus is susceptible to esophageal cancer. Esophageal cancer affects more males than women. The sixth most frequent cause of cancer-related fatalities globally is esophageal cancer. Different geographic regions have varying incidence rates. The use ... Read More

Rarely occurring epidermolysis bullosa is characterized by brittle, blistering skin. Blisters may develop in reaction to a small wound, like one caused by heat, rubbing, or itching. Blisters may develop internally under extreme circumstances, such as on the stomach or mouth lining. Inheritable epidermolysis bullosa often manifests in babies or young children. For other people, symptoms don't appear until they are teenagers or early adults. While epidermolysis bullosa has no known treatment, milder cases may become better with age. Blisters are cared for during treatment, and new ones are avoided. Epidermolysis Bullosa: Causes The gene responsible for epidermolysis bullosa ... Read More

As chronic kidney disease—the progressive loss of kidney function—reaches an advanced stage, it results in end-stage renal disease, commonly known as end-stage kidney disease or kidney failure. Your kidneys no longer function as they should to support your body's demands if you have end-stage renal disease. Wastes and extra fluid are removed from the circulation by your kidneys and expelled in the urine. Dangerous concentrations of fluid, electrolytes, and toxins can accumulate in your body when your kidneys lose their filtering capacity. You require dialysis or a kidney transplant to survive if you have end-stage renal disease. For the highest ... Read More

A persistent side effect of an untreated cardiac condition that was present at birth is Eisenmenger syndrome (congenital heart defect). Eisenmenger syndrome poses a serious risk to life. The heart and lungs experience erratic blood flow in Eisenmenger syndrome. As a result, the blood arteries in the lungs stiffen and constrict. Lung artery blood pressure increases (pulmonary arterial hypertension). The lungs' blood arteries are irreversibly affected by Eisenmenger syndrome. Eisenmenger syndrome is often avoided through early detection and treatment of congenital cardiac abnormalities. If it develops, regular doctor visits and drugs to address the symptoms are part of the treatment. ... Read More

Anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis are two tick-borne diseases that have flu-like symptoms such as fever, headache, and muscular pains. Generally speaking, ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis symptoms start to show up 14 days following a tick bite. You should be able to recover in a few days if you receive prompt treatment and the right antibiotics. Anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis both have a risk of serious or even fatal consequences if left untreated. Avoiding tick bites is the most effective strategy to stop these diseases. Your greatest line of protection against these tick-borne illnesses is to use insect repellents, perform complete body checks after ... Read More