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C++ Articles
Page 531 of 597
Maximum array sum that can be obtained after exactly k changes in C++
We are given with an array of positive and negative integers and a number K. The task is to find the maximum sum of the array after K changes in it’s elements. The single change operation here multiplies the single element by -1.Approach used will be to convert every negative number to positive. If there are N negative numbers then, for this we will sort the array −If NK then change the sign of K negative numbers and add the array. Sum will be maximum.InputArr[]= { 0, -2, 6, 4, 8, 2, -3 } K=4OutputMaximum array sum is : 25Explanation ...
Read MoreSets of pairs in C++
Set in C++ is an associative container and contains unique elements. All the elements once added to a specific cannot be modified. One can only remove and add elements in order to change them.Pair is defined under header and is used to couple together two pair values. The pair can have values of different or same type. The class has member functions first() and second() to individually access the values in a pair.The order of pair elements is fixed (first, second). We can use pair to combine two heterogeneous values of different types.To access any element we use variable_name.first ...
Read MoreCount columns to be deleted to make each row sorted in C++
The abnormal behavior of C++ programs often leads to program crash. You may have encountered problems like Segmentation fault, Aborted, Floating point exception etc. Following are sample programs that may help you to understand the reasons for a C++ program crash.ExceptionsExceptions in C++ are responses of a program when it encounters an abnormal condition. The program crashes due to such exceptions if they are not handled properly using try-catch blocks. Following program crashes due to divide by zero exception −Example#include int main(){ int num1=10; int num2=0; int quotient=num1/num2; printf(" Quotient is: %d", quotient); return ...
Read MoreFind index i such that prefix of S1 and suffix of S2 till i form a palindrome when concatenated in C++
ConceptWith respect of given two strings S1 and S2 of equal lengths, our task is to determine an index i such that S1[0…i] and S2[i+1…n-1] give a palindrome when concatenated together. Ithas been seen that if it is not possible to determine such an index then print -1.InputS1 = “pqrsu”, S2 = “wxyqp”Output1S1[0..1] = “pq”, S2[2..n-1] = “ypq”S1 + S2 = “pqyqp” indicates is a palindrome.InputS1 = “pqrst”, S2 = “qprqz”Output-1MethodAt first, we iterate from 0 to n (length of the string) and copy ith character from S1 to another string (assume it is S).After that we take another temporary ...
Read MoreShortest Distance from All Buildings in C++
Suppose we want to make a house on an empty land which reaches all buildings in the shortest amount of distance. We can only move four directions like up, down, left and right. We have a 2D grid of values 0, 1 or 2, where −0 represents an empty land which we can pass by freely.1 represents a building which we cannot pass through.2 represents an obstacle which we cannot pass through.So, if the input is like102010000000100then the output will be 7 as Given three buildings are present at (0, 0), (0, 4), (2, 2), and an obstacle is at ...
Read MoreFind LCA in Binary Tree using RMQ in C++
ConceptThe article explains a method to solving the problem of finding the LCA of two nodes in a tree by reducing it to a RMQ problem.Examples Lowest Common Ancestor (LCA) of two nodes a and b in a rooted tree T is defined as the node located farthest from the root that has both a and b as descendants.For example, according to below diagram, LCA of node D and node I is node B.We can apply so many approaches to solve the LCA problem. These approaches differ with respect of their time and space complexities.Range Minimum Query (RMQ) is applied on ...
Read MoreReordered Power of 2 in C++
Suppose we have a positive integer N, we reorder the digits in any order (including the original order) such that the leading digit is non-zero. We have to check whether we can do this in a way such that the resulting number is a power of 2. So if the number is like 46, then the answer will be true.To solve this, we will follow these steps −Define a method called count, this will take x as inputret := 0while x is not 0ret := ret + 10 ^ last digit of xx := x / 10return retFrom the main ...
Read Morebeta(), betaf() and betal() functions in C++ STL
The functions beta(), betaf() and betal() are built-in functions in the standard template library of C++. These functions are used to calculate the beta function of two positive real numbers.The functions beta(), betaf() and betal() are built-in functions in the standard template library of C++. These functions are used to calculate the beta function of two positive real numbers.$B(x, y)=\int_{0}^{1}t^{(x-1)}(1-t)^{(y-1)}dt$beta()The beta() function is used to deal with values of data type double i.e. it accepts the parameter of double type and returns are double value.Syntaxdouble beta(double x, double y)Parametersx is a double value that gives the value of x in ...
Read MoreBayes Theorem for Conditional Probability in C/C++
Conditional probability denoted by P(A|B) is the probability of occurrence of an event ‘A’ given that event ‘B’ has already occurred.Formula for conditional probability −P(A|B) = P( A⋂B ) / P(B)Bayes’s TheoremIt is the formula that shows the relation between probabilities of occurrences of mutually dependent events i.e. it given the relation between their conditional probabilities.Given an event A and another event B, according to bayes’ theorem, P(A/B) = {P(B/A) * P(A)} / P(B)Lets derive the formula for Bayes’ theorem, For this we will use the formula for conditional probability, P(A|B) = P( A?B ) / P(B) —— 1 P(B|A) ...
Read Moreattributes in C++
Attributes are modern ways in C++ to standardize things if their code runs on different compilers. Attributes are used to provide some extra information that is used to enforce conditions (constraints), optimization and do specific code generation if required.These are like an information manual for the compilers to do some enforcing which will improve performance of the code. Attributes were first seen in C++ 11 and are important parts of the programming language since then, Also with every version some revisions are continuously made to make them more powerful and better.Let’s see how we can define attributes in C++For different ...
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