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Computer Network Articles
Page 9 of 122
What are the types of HDLC Frames?
HDLC (High-Level Data Link Control) is a bit-oriented synchronous data link layer protocol that provides error-free transmission of data between network points. It supports both connection-oriented and connectionless services, organizing data into structured units called frames for reliable transmission across networks. HDLC frames are transmitted over synchronous or asynchronous links using frame delimiters called flags, which contain specific bit sequences that mark the beginning and end of each frame without appearing within the frame content itself. Types of HDLC Frames HDLC defines three distinct types of frames, each serving different communication purposes: Information Frames (I-Frames) ...
Read MoreTop Computer Network Interview Questions
This article includes some of the top network interview questions with answers that can benefit candidates attending a job interview on Networking. We have tried our best to include all the relevant and most-asked questions and explain them in lucid language so everyone can understand them. What is a Network? A network is a collection of multiple computers or devices connected to share resources, allowing electronic communication and file exchange. These computers can be linked through cables, the internet, satellites, telephone lines, radio waves, or infrared light beams. What is a Node? A node is a ...
Read MoreWhy is CCNP certification the key to success in Networking Industry?
A Cisco Certified Network Professional (CCNP) certification is an industry-recognized credential that demonstrates your ability to implement, design, operate, and troubleshoot enterprise-level networking infrastructure. In today's competitive IT market, CCNP certification has become increasingly valuable for networking professionals seeking career advancement and higher-level responsibilities. The CCNP credential validates advanced networking skills across multiple domains including data center network architecture, service delivery, security, virtualization, WAN technologies, and IP routing. This certification is designed for professionals with at least one year of networking experience who want to specialize in enterprise networking solutions. CCNP Career Path Progression ...
Read MoreHow does the MANETS AODV Reactive Routing Protocol work?
MANET stands for Mobile Ad-Hoc Network. It is an infrastructure-less collection of mobile nodes that can arbitrarily change their geographic locations, creating networks with dynamic topologies composed of bandwidth-constrained wireless links. MANET nodes are equipped with wireless transmitters and receivers. Based on node positions, coverage designs, and transmission power levels, wireless connectivity exists between nodes in the form of a random, multi-hop graph. Current applications include defense services, emergency search and rescue, meetings, conventions, and scenarios requiring quick information sharing without fixed infrastructure. Unpredictable topological changes make route discovery and maintenance challenging in these networks. Conventional routing protocols ...
Read MoreARP, Reverse ARP, Inverse ARP, Proxy ARP, and Gratuitous ARP
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a communication protocol that works on the TCP/IP Layer 2, mapping IP addresses to MAC addresses within a local network segment. ARP helps to get the MAC address of the connected router or gateway from the IP address. ARP is a request-response protocol in which one device sends a request to another device asking for some information, and the other device responds with the required information. ARP packets are encapsulated by a link-layer and are distributed only in a specific network. ARP is considered a link-layer protocol. How Does ARP Work? ...
Read MoreDifference between Gateway and Firewall
A gateway is a network hardware device or network node that enables communication between two separate networks with different protocols or architectures. A firewall is a network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules to protect against unauthorized access and malicious threats. While both are critical network components, they serve fundamentally different purposes in network infrastructure. What is a Gateway? A gateway acts as an entry and exit point between networks, translating data formats and protocols to enable communication between incompatible network systems. All data packets must pass ...
Read MoreDifference between Baseband and Broadband Transmission
Data transmission has been crucial in the age of digital communication. Either digital or analogue data can be transmitted over a communication medium to one or more devices, depending on the interfaces in use. There are two important types of data transmission − Baseband and Broadband. Understanding the differences between these transmission methods is essential for network design and choosing the appropriate technology for specific communication requirements. What is Baseband Transmission? Baseband transmission is a technology where a single digital signal occupies the entire bandwidth of the communication channel. The signal is transmitted in its original frequency ...
Read MoreDifference between Batch Processing and Stream Processing
Computer systems have been handling data since decades, but the volume and speed of handling has become phenomenal in the last few years. Data processing means "the collection and manipulation of items of data to produce meaningful information", has been evolving in terms of speed, efficiency, and leveraging the computing resources. In this article, we will see two important techniques of data processing in the field of computation − Batch processing and Stream processing. We will elaborate them in detail and see how they are different. What is Batch Processing? Batch processing is a technique of processing ...
Read MorePost Office Protocol, Version 3 (POP3)
Post Office Protocol version 3 (POP3) is a standard email protocol used by email clients to retrieve messages from a mail server. It operates as a simple, text-based protocol that downloads emails from the server to the client device for local storage and management. POP3 follows a straightforward client-server model where the email client connects to the server, authenticates the user, downloads available messages, and then typically deletes them from the server. This makes it ideal for single-device email access scenarios. How POP3 Works POP3 operates through a series of commands exchanged between the email client and ...
Read MoreCisco Router Modes
Cisco routers are a vital component of modern networks, and they come with a hierarchical command-line interface organized into different modes. Each mode provides specific levels of access and functionality, allowing network administrators to view information, configure settings, and manage routing protocols effectively. Understanding these modes and their proper usage is essential for network administrators to optimize network performance, implement security policies, and troubleshoot issues efficiently. Each mode has distinct capabilities and access restrictions that control what commands can be executed. Cisco Router Command Modes Hierarchy ...
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