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Computer Network Articles
Page 70 of 122
What are the different types of ISDN?
ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) is a telephone switched network that integrates voice and data transmission over digital lines simultaneously. It provides both circuit-switched and packet-switched network services, enabling multiple types of communication over a single connection. ISDN supports a comprehensive range of services including voice calls, video calls, electronic mail, database access, facsimile transmission, data transfer, internet connectivity, electronic fund transfer, and audio/video conferencing. ISDN Network Architecture User Equipment NT1 ...
Read MoreWhat is DSL technology and differentiate between DSL modem and DSLAM?
Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) is a technology that transmits digital data over traditional copper telephone lines. DSL enables high-speed internet access by utilizing higher frequency ranges of the telephone line, allowing simultaneous voice and data transmission without interference. Unlike dial-up connections that monopolize the phone line, DSL technology uses frequency division to separate voice calls (low frequencies) and internet data (higher frequencies). This allows users to make phone calls while browsing the internet simultaneously. How DSL Works DSL operates by splitting the available bandwidth on copper telephone wires into different frequency ranges. Voice communication uses frequencies below ...
Read MoreWhat is CIDR and how it works?
Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) is a method for allocating IP addresses and routing internet traffic more efficiently than the traditional classful addressing system. CIDR allows network administrators to create custom-sized networks by specifying exactly how many bits are used for the network portion of an IP address. Unlike classful addressing (Class A, B, C), CIDR eliminates the rigid boundaries of predefined address classes, enabling more flexible and efficient use of IP address space. This approach significantly reduces IP address wastage by allocating only the exact number of addresses needed. How CIDR Works CIDR uses slash notation to ...
Read MoreWhat is BGP and why do we need it?
BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) is a standardized exterior gateway protocol designed to exchange routing and reachability information between different autonomous systems (AS) on the Internet. It is classified as a path vector protocol, making routing decisions based on paths, network policies, and rule sets configured by network administrators. BGP is essential for Internet connectivity, as it enables different networks owned by various organizations to communicate and share routing information effectively. BGP: Connecting Autonomous Systems AS 100 ISP A R1 ...
Read MoreWhat is QOS and mobile and network QOS?
Let us understand the concept of Quality of Service (QoS) in networking and mobile communications. QoS in Networking Quality of Service (QoS) in networking refers to the ability of a network to provide reliable and predictable service levels to different types of traffic across various technologies including Ethernet, wireless, IP, and Asynchronous Transfer Mode. During network congestion, QoS mechanisms must account for various factors that cause performance degradation, such as limited bandwidth, high traffic on specific routes, or inefficient resource allocation. The routing protocol heavily impacts network QoS by determining how efficiently traffic is distributed across available ...
Read MoreWhat are security threats? Differentiate between wired and wireless threats
Security threats are potential risks and vulnerabilities that can compromise the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of computer systems and networks. These threats can originate from various sources and target different aspects of digital infrastructure. Common Security Threats Hardware threats − Physical damage, theft, or unauthorized access to computing equipment that can lead to data breaches or system failures. Software threats − Malicious programs, viruses, and vulnerabilities in applications that can corrupt or steal critical organizational data. Hacking − Unauthorized access to systems through exploitation of security vulnerabilities, often involving malicious programs to ...
Read MoreWhat are the general techniques to improve the quality of service?
Quality of Service (QoS) in networking refers to the ability of a network to provide reliable, predictable service to traffic across various technologies including Ethernet, wireless, IP, and ATM. QoS ensures that critical applications receive the bandwidth, latency, and reliability they require. Network congestion significantly impacts QoS and can result from insufficient bandwidth, high traffic on specific routes, or inefficient routing protocols. The routing algorithm's ability to detect traffic patterns and select optimal paths directly affects overall network performance and service quality. QoS Traffic Management Flow Incoming Traffic ...
Read MoreWhat is big data?
Big Data refers to extremely large, complex datasets that grow exponentially over time and cannot be efficiently processed, stored, or analyzed using traditional data management tools and techniques. These datasets are characterized by their volume, variety, velocity, and complexity, requiring specialized technologies and methodologies for effective handling. Big data encompasses structured data (databases, spreadsheets), semi-structured data (JSON, XML files), and unstructured data (social media posts, videos, images, sensor readings). The challenge lies not just in the size, but in extracting meaningful insights from this diverse information landscape. The 4 V's of Big Data ...
Read MoreWhat are security features of the 4G cellular network?
4G cellular network is the fourth generation of cellular communications technology, offering significant improvements in speed, cost efficiency, and security over previous generations. Understanding its security features is crucial as 4G networks handle massive amounts of sensitive data daily. Key Features of 4G 4G technology introduces several enhancements over 3G networks: 10x faster speeds − Data rates up to 150 Mbps compared to 3G's maximum of 21 Mbps Lower cost per bit − More efficient data transmission reduces operational costs Enhanced security − Multiple layers of protection safeguard user data and ...
Read MoreWhat are network troubleshooting tools?
Network troubleshooting tools are essential utilities used to identify, diagnose, and resolve network connectivity issues, performance problems, and security vulnerabilities. These tools help network administrators maintain optimal network performance and quickly resolve issues when they arise. Network troubleshooting tools are classified into two main categories: hardware tools and software tools, each serving specific diagnostic purposes. Hardware Tools Hardware tools provide physical testing capabilities for network infrastructure components and are essential for diagnosing cable and connectivity issues. Cable Tester A cable tester, also known as a media tester, verifies the integrity of network cables. It checks ...
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