Programming Articles - Page 1389 of 3363

ProblemDeclare int and float variables without initializing and try to print their values in C language. Explain what will happen.SolutionIf a variable is declared but not initialized or uninitialized and if those variables are trying to print, then, it will return 0 or some garbage value.Whenever we declare a variable, a location is allocated to that variable. The only thing is with the help of initialization, we are trying to occupy the memory location which is already allotted while declaration.But in the below program, we are not initializing the values in the memory locations which are reserved. But, by default, ... Read More

Pointers have many but easy concepts and they are very important to C programming.Two of the arithmetic pointer concepts are explained below, which are C pointer addition and subtraction respectively.C pointer additionC pointer addition refers to adding a value to the pointer variable.The formula is as follows −new_address= current_address + (number * size_of(data type))ExampleFollowing is the C program for C pointer addition − Live Demo#include int main(){    int num=500;    int *ptr;//pointer to int    ptr=#//stores the address of number variable    printf("add of ptr is %u ", ptr);    ptr=ptr+7; //adding 7 to pointer variable    printf("after adding add ... Read More

A pointer is a variable that stores the address of another variable. The deceleration of a pointer is similar to that of a variable the only difference is while declaring a pointer we need to use "*". Following is the syntax to declare a pointer − type *variable_name; Similar to variables, pointers can be declared in different types. Following is an example − #Integer type pointer int *integer_pointer; #Character type pointer char *character_pointer; The following are the points to be noted − Pointers enable direct memory access and manipulation, which is crucial for ... Read More

ProblemCalculate the sum of all elements of a two-dimensional array by using run-time initialization.SolutionTwo-dimensional Array is used in situations where a table of values have to be stored (or) in matrices applicationsThe syntax is as follows −datatype array_ name [rowsize] [column size];For example, int a[4] [4];Number of elements in an array = rowsize *columnsize = 4*4 = 16ExampleFollowing is the C program to calculate the sum of all elements of a two-dimensional array by using run-time initialization − Live Demo#include void main(){    //Declaring array and variables//    int A[4][3], i, j, even=0, odd=0;    //Reading elements into the array//   ... Read More

ProblemCalculate the sum and product of all elements in an array by using the run-time compilation.SolutionA two-dimensional array is used in situations where a table of values have to be stored (or) in matrices applicationsThe syntax is as follows −datatype array_ name [rowsize] [column size];For example, int a[5] [5];Number of elements in array = rowsize *columnsize = 5*5 = 25ExampleFollowing is the C program to calculate the sum and product of all elements in an array by using the run-time compilation − Live Demo#include void main(){    //Declaring the array - run time//    int A[2][3], B[2][3], i, j, sum[i][j], product[i][j]; ... Read More

Try to print the elements in reverse order by following an algorithm given below −Step1 − Declare an array of size 5Step 2 − Enter the 5 elements in memory using for loopStep 3 − Display elements in reverse orderBy decrementing for loopThe only logic is to reverse the elements is For loop −for(i=4;i>=0;i--){    //Displaying O/p//    printf("array[%d] :", i);    printf("%d", array[i]); }ExampleFollowing is the C program to reverse the elements − Live Demo#include void main(){    //Declaring the array - run time//    int array[5], i;    //Reading elements into the array//    printf("Enter elements into the array: ... Read More

Type qualifiers add special attributes to existing data types in C programming language.There are three type qualifiers in C language and volatile and restrict type qualifiers are explained below −VolatileA volatile type qualifier is used to tell the compiler that a variable is shared. That is, a variable may be referenced and changed by other programs (or) entities if it is declared as volatile.For example, volatile int x;RestrictThis is used only with pointers. It indicates that the pointer is only an initial way to access the deference data. It provides more help to the compiler for optimization.Example ProgramFollowing is the ... Read More

Library functions are built-in functions that are grouped together and placed in a common location called library. Each function here performs a specific operation. We can use this library functions to get the pre-defined output. All C standard library functions are declared by using many header files. These library functions are created at the time of designing the compilers. We include the header files in our C program by using #include. Whenever the program is run and executed, the related files are included in the C program. Header File Functions Some of the header file functions are as follows − ... Read More

Functions are building blocks of code. They allow us to avoid writing similar code and also help in organizing large section of code into reusable components.In Rust, functions can be found everywhere. Even function definitions are also statements in Rust.One of the most important function in Rust is the main function, which is the entry point of any software or application.We make use of the fn keyword to declare a function in Rust.In Rust, the names of the functions make use of snake case as the conventional style. In snake case, all the letters of the word are in lower ... Read More

The first part of getting hands-on experience with Rust is installing Rust. In order to install Rust, we need a Rust installer.Rustup is a version management tool and also an installer that helps in installing Rust in your local machine.If you’re running Linux, macOS, or another Unix-like OS, then we simply need to run the following command in the terminal −curl --proto ‘=https’ --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | shThe above command will install Rust on your local machine.If you are on Windows, then you can download the .exe file from this link rustup-init.exeKeeping Rust UpdatedThough Rust is updated frequently, but you ... Read More