Punctuation marks date back to at least the 5th century BC when there were hardly any insights to writing and there were only capital letters. While the basic rules of communication are not difficult to understand, still a confusion always bothers us during our interaction using British English or American English.Uses of Punctuation MarksThey help us in depicting our emotions in a better manner.Quotation marks to emphasize words and phrases.Quotation marks are used for purposes of dialogue, quotes, and titles.Comma, semicolon are also used to denote minor pauses while sleeping.Ellipses indicate the omission of words within something that is being quoted.Punctuation ... Read More

To remove NOT NULL restriction from column in MySQL, use ALTER command. The syntax is as follows:ALTER TABLE yourTableName MODIFY COLUMN yourColumnName dataType;To understand the above syntax, let us create a table. The query to create a table is as follows:mysql> create table NotNullDemo    -> (    -> Id int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,    -> Name varchar(20) NOT NULL,    -> PRIMARY KEY(Id)    -> ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.58 sec)In the above table, if you insert the NULL value to the column ‘Name’ then MySQL will give an error of NOT NULL restriction. The query to ... Read More

We all know Metabolism plays a big role in watching our weight. Once we turn forty our body metabolism slows down and it becomes much harder to lose weight. That is the reason people put on weight after a certain age, even when they work hard to burn the calories and become more cautious about their diet.Here are some tips to increase your metabolism after 40:Increase your Protein Intake − Research shows that increasing the intake of protein, metabolism increases and appetite will be reduced considerably. This will automatically reduce weight.Change your Food habits − If you are an avid ... Read More

To create NavigableMap from TreeMap. The following is the declaration −NavigableMap n = new TreeMap();Now, add some elements to the NavigableMap created above −n.put("A", 888); n.put("B", 999); n.put("C", 444); n.put("D", 555); n.put("E", 666); n.put("F", 888); n.put("G", 999); n.put("H", 444); n.put("I", 555); n.put("J", 666);The following is an example to create NavigableMap from TreeMap and display it −Example Live Demoimport java.util.*; public class Demo { public static void main(String[] args) { NavigableMap n = new TreeMap(); n.put("A", 888); n.put("B", 999); ... Read More

Set column charset using character SET command. The syntax is as follows −ALTER TABLE yourTableName MODIFY youColumName type CHARACTER SET anyCharcaterSetName;You can use character set name utf8 or something elsE. To set column charset, let us first create a table. The query to create a table is as follows −mysql> create table setCharsetDemo −> ( −> FirstName varchar(60) −> ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (2.09 sec)Now you can check the current column character set with the help of show command. The query is as follows −mysql> show create table setCharsetDemo;The ... Read More

None of us can ignore the popular fad among the youngsters which is the cafe culture. It's increasing due to the following reasons:Cheaper Than Hotels: Fancy restaurants and hotels are costlier than cafes in terms of food prices. Youngsters, especially who do not earn find cafes much affordable.Not Meant for Families: Generally, families avoid hitting cafes as they find youngsters here who make noise, laugh and cha, and why not it's their own corner.Fast food: All their cravings for fast food can be fulfilled at such venues easily.Trendy and Fashionable: Most cafes nowadays have beautiful vibrant ambience to make youngsters ... Read More

All these are prepositions and impart a sense of being something on the top of some other object. Therefore, we can say that all of them have a similar meaning-not largely but at least to some extent. However, similar meaning yet varied definitions still confuse many learners. So, here I explain the correct and simple definition along with the usage of these three confusing words.1. OnDefinition: Having covered something; part of the surfaceA simple definition of ‘On’ is-One thing is covering the other. Generally, it touches the other object or its surface. Also, it can a part of the surface in ... Read More

Data Link Layer FrameA frame is a unit of communication in the data link layer. Data link layer takes the packets from the Network Layer and encapsulates them into frames. If the frame size becomes too large, then the packet may be divided into small sized frames. At receiver’ end, data link layer picks up signals from hardware and assembles them into frames.Fields of a Data Link Layer FrameA data link layer frame has the following parts:Frame Header: It contains the source and the destination addresses of the frame and the control bytes.Payload field: It contains the message to be ... Read More

An object can be cloned using the clone() method in Java. The class whose object is cloned should implement the interface java.lang.Cloneable otherwise the exception CloneNotSupportedException is thrown when clone() method is used.A program that demonstrates the clone() method in Java is given as follows:Example Live Democlass CloneClass implements Cloneable {    int x;    char y;    CloneClass cloneFunc() {       try {          return (CloneClass) super.clone();       } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {          System.out.println("Cloning cannot be done");          return this;       }    } ... Read More

What is Litter?A piece of rubbish or waste disposed improperly at a wrong location is called Litter. A small piece of litter leads to garbage that by covering the earth endangers the flora and fauna and slowly causes diseases if not recycled properly.This is because when littered, these chemicals can get into the soil and affect the overall quality of water and soil both. We must have recalled by now the Biodegradable and Non -Biodegradable wastes about which we have been studying in our junior classes. The latter category of wastes is more harmful.How Littering Is Related to Civilization?The etymological ... Read More