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In C++, char[] represents a character array, while string is a class in STL to manage text data. Both string and char[] can be used to store and process text data. But, they are different in terms of structure, usage, memory management, and capabilities. In this article, we will discuss the difference between string and char[] types in C++. char[] in C++ char[] is an array of characters that is used to store a string. It is a C-style string representation. The size of char array will be fixed. At the end of the array, a null character '\0' ... Read More
This article gives a guide on how to capture an exception raised by a regular expression in Python. We will also see simple example programs that show how to do this. Regular expressions are useful for matching patterns in text, but they may result in errors like incorrect syntax or mismatches. Python uses exception handling (try-except) to handle these errors to avoid errors. For example, if the given pattern is "[a-z", which is an incorrect pattern that can lead to an error showing that the character set is invalid, because the closing bracket ] is missing. Python Regex Exception ... Read More
In this article, we are going to learn how to extract a URL from an HTML link using Python regular expressions. URL is an acronym for Uniform Resource Locator; it is used to identify the location resource on the Internet. URL consists of a domain name, path, port number, etc. The URL can be parsed and processed by using a Regular Expression. Therefore, if we want to use a Regular Expression, we have to use the "re" library in Python. Following is an example of a URL - URL: https://www.tutorialspoint.com/courses If we parse the above URL we can find ... Read More
In this article, you will find out how to use the range in Python regular expressions. With the help of Python's regular expressions, you can search, match, and manipulate text efficiently. One useful feature in regex is ranges, so it helps us define sets of characters within square brackets "[ ]". Range in Regex In Python, a range is used when you want to match characters within a specific group. It is defined inside brackets "[ ]" with the help of a hyphen -. For example: # Matches any digit (0 to 9) pat1 = r"[0-9]" ... Read More
This article will explain how to write a Python regular expression to use re.findall() method. Regular expression, or regex, is used insearching and extracting patterns in text. Python provides the re module to work with regex, and re.findall() to find all matches of a pattern in a string. The re.findall() method returns a list of all occurrences of a pattern. It works with strings for extracting data. And it supports metacharacters for pattern matching. There are various ways to use the re.findall() method in Python, such as - Finds One or More Digits Find All Words in a String Extract ... Read More
Backslashes in Python regular expressions (regex) are used to define special sequences and escape characters. As backslashes are also used in Python strings, we need to be careful while using them. How Backslashes Work Now let us see how backslashes work in Python regular expressions - Escaping Characters: Some characters have specific meanings in regex (such as . or *). To treat them as normal characters, use a backslash (\.). ... Read More
This article gives a guide on the difference between re.findall() and re.finditer() methods available in Python. The re module of Python helps in working with regular expressions. Both the re.findall() and re.finditer() methods are used to search for patterns, but they behave differently. Let us see the differences with simple explanations and examples in this article. Using re.findall() Method The re.findall() helps to get a list of all matching patterns. It searches from the start or end of the given string. If we use the findall() method to search for a pattern in a given string, it will return all occurrences ... Read More
Python offers many built-in data structures like lists, tuples, sets, and dictionaries, which are used to store and manage data easily. In this article, we will discuss the difference between a Python tuple and a dictionary. Tuple Tuples are a data type that belongs to the sequence data type category. They are similar to lists in Python, but they are immutable. We can't change the elements of a tuple, but we can execute a variety of actions on them, such as count, index, type, etc. Tuples are created in Python by placing a sequence of values separated by a 'comma', with or ... Read More
The functors are the function objects in C++. The functor allows an instance object of some class to be called as if it were an ordinary function. Let us consider a function that takes one argument. We can use this function as function object to do some task on a set of data. The Functors are widely used in STL algorithms like transform(), sort(), etc. Functor vs Regular Function: Need of Functor? Imagine we have a function that takes only one argument, like this: int increment(int x) { return x + 1; } Now, what ... Read More
In Python, exceptions are not just error messages; they are actual objects. Understanding that exceptions are objects helps you work with them more effectively, such as accessing their attributes or creating custom exceptions. What do We mean by Exception is an Object? When an exception occurs, Python creates an instance of an exception class. This instance contains information about the error, like its type, message, and traceback. Since exceptions are objects, you can interact with them just like any other Python object. Example: Catching an exception object In the following example, we catch a ZeroDivisionError and assign it to a ... Read More