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Introduction The Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) is a widely used routing protocol in computer networks. It is an advanced version of Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP), which was developed by Cisco Systems. EIGRP is an advanced, distance vector, routing protocol that provides faster convergence and better scalability compared to other distance vector routing protocols. This article will discuss features of EIGRP that make it one of most preferred routing protocols for large networks. Fast Convergence One of significant features of EIGRP is its fast convergence. Convergence is process by which all routers in a network come to agree ... Read More
Introduction Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is a widely used protocol for data transmission over internet. However, data transmission over TCP is not always error-free. transmission can be disrupted due to several reasons such as network congestion, packet loss, or failure of intermediate devices. In such cases, TCP uses a loss recovery technique to recover lost data and retransmit it. This technique is crucial in ensuring reliability of data transmission over internet. In this article, we will discuss fast recovery technique for loss recovery in TCP. Understanding TCP loss recovery technique TCP uses a three-way handshake mechanism to establish a connection ... Read More
Introduction Access control lists (ACLs) are an important component of network security. ACLs are used to regulate network traffic and restrict access to network resources. An ACL is a set of rules that is applied to a network interface, router or firewall, which dictates which packets are allowed to pass through and which are dropped. ACLs can be either standard or extended, and they can be configured to allow or deny traffic based on source and destination IP addresses, protocols, and port numbers. In this article, we will explore extended access list in network security, its importance, and how to ... Read More
Introduction When building client-server applications using sockets, it's essential to assign a unique port number to each client to ensure proper communication between server and clients. By explicitly assigning a port number to each client, server can identify and communicate with individual clients without confusion or overlap. In this article, we'll explore importance of assigning port numbers to clients and how to do so effectively. What is a port number? In context of networking, a port number is a 16-bit unsigned integer that uniquely identifies a specific process to which a network packet is directed. When a client sends a ... Read More
Remote Procedure Call (RPC) is a communication protocol that enables a process running on one computer to invoke a procedure in another process running on a remote computer. procedure call appears to caller as a local procedure call, but in reality, call is transmitted over a network. RPC involves several aspects such as marshaling of parameters, handling of return values, and communication between client and server. In this article, we will focus on parameter passing semantics in RPC. We will discuss various parameter passing methods and their characteristics, including pass-by-value, pass-by-reference, pass-by-result, and pass-by-object-reference. We will also provide examples to ... Read More
Introduction In machine learning, Pywedge is a powerful library for creating dynamic graphs. Here is a rundown of what you can do with Pywedge and some of its features. In addition, the benefits of using Pywedge for interactive charting are highlighted, such as the program's ease of use and its ability to enhance data visualization. Installing Pywedge Requirements Make sure your computer fulfills these specifications before installing Pywedge and using it for interactive charting in ML − The Pywedge package requires Python 3.6 or later. Necessary external programs (like Pandas and Matplotlib) Installation Steps The following are the ... Read More
Introduction What is Categorical Model? In machine learning models, categorical variables are essential because of the insights they bring. Categorical variables, however, require numerical inputs and present their own set of problems. Categorical encoding is the method through which categorical variables are converted into a form that can be read and comprehended by machine learning programs. ML's Reliance on Categorical Data Categorical variables such as color, category, and kind are crucial to the success of machine learning models and so necessitate careful management and understanding. Challenges of Categorical Variables in ML Machine learning has trouble with categorical variables because they ... Read More
Automating the best machine learning pipelines has become extremely important for data scientists. TPOT (Tree-based Pipeline Optimization Tool) is an (excellent/very unusual) machine learning library that eliminates the need for manual and time-using/eating/drinking tasks like feature engineering, computer code-related selection, and hyperparameter tuning. Some key Points of TPOT are as Follows Simplifying Pipeline Optimization With TPOT Traditional machine learning workflows often involve wide-stretching transmission experimentation to find the weightier model. TPOT simplifies this process by employing genetic programming, an evolutionary algorithm, to automatically explore a vast space of potential pipelines and intelligently identify the most promising ones. Customization and Flexibility ... Read More
Introduction Measuring and analyzing eye movement data can teach us a great deal about how individuals focus on and interpret visual input. In this article, we will explore the concepts and applications of eye tracking, as well as how it assists researchers in determining where people's attention is focused when shown visual stimuli or interacting with interfaces. The use of eye tracking data as useful input for training machine learning models is presented in an effort to obtain a greater understanding of human behavior and how humans interact with visual content. The incorporation of eye tracking metrics into machine learning ... Read More
Understanding Neural Networks In the context of neural networks, the goal is to find the optimal set of weights and biases that minimize the difference between the predicted outputs of the network and the true outputs. Optimization Gradient descent optimization works by iteratively updating the network parameters in the opposite direction of the gradient of the loss function with respect to those parameters. The gradient points in the direction of the steepest increase in the loss function, so by moving in the opposite direction, the algorithm can gradually converge toward the minimum of the loss function. There are variegated variants ... Read More