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For object serialization, you need to refer the below code. Here, we have use the BinaryFormatter.Serialize (stream, reference) method to serialize our sample object.We have set a constructor here −public Employee(int id, string name, int salary) { this.id = id; this.name = name; this.salary = salary; }Now set the file stream −FileStream fStream = new FileStream("d:ew.txt", FileMode.OpenOrCreate); BinaryFormatter bFormat = new BinaryFormatter();An object of the Employee class −Employee emp = new Employee(001, "Jim", 30000); bFormat.Serialize(fStream, emp);
Double braces can be used to create and initialize objects in a single Java expression. See the example below −Exampleimport java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; public class Tester{ public static void main(String args[]) { List list = new ArrayList(); list.add("A"); list.add("B"); list.add("C"); list.add("D"); list.add("E"); list.add("F"); System.out.println(list); List list1 = new ArrayList() { { add("A"); add("B");add("C"); add("D");add("E");add("F"); ... Read More
To acess element from the multi-dimensional array, just add the index for the element you want, for example −a[2,1]The above access element from 3rd row and 2nd column ie element 3 as shown below in out [3,4] array −0 0 1 2 2 4 3 6Let us see whatever we discussed and access element from a 2 dimensional array −Exampleusing System; namespace Program { class Demo { static void Main(string[] args) { int[,] a = new int[4, 2] {{0,0}, {1,2}, {2,4}, {3,6} }; int i, j; for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) { for (j = 0; j < 2; j++) { Console.WriteLine("a[{0},{1}] = {2}", i, j, a[i,j]); } } // accessing element Console.WriteLine(a[2,1]); Console.ReadKey(); } } }
To convert Lower case to Upper case, use the ToUpper() method in C#.Let’s say your string is −str = "david";To convert the above lowercase string in uppercase, use the ToUpper() method −Console.WriteLine("Converted to UpperCase : {0}", str.ToUpper());The following is the code in C# to convert character case −Exampleusing System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; namespace Demo { class MyApplication { static void Main(string[] args) { string str; str = "david"; Console.WriteLine("LowerCase : {0}", str); // convert to uppercase Console.WriteLine("Converted to UpperCase : {0}", str.ToUpper()); Console.ReadLine(); } } }
An exception is a problem that arises during the execution of a program. A C# exception is a response to an exceptional circumstance that arises while a program is running, such as an attempt to divide by zero.Define your own exception. User-defined exception classes are derived from the Exception class.The following is an example −Exampleusing System; namespace UserDefinedException { class TestFitness { static void Main(string[] args) { Fitness f = new Fitness(); try { f.showResult(); } catch(FitnessTestFailedException ... Read More
Declare the reference parameters using the ref keyword. A reference parameter is a reference to a memory location of a variable. When you pass parameters by reference, unlike value parameters, a new storage location is not created for these parameters.Declare a ref parameter −public void swap(ref int x, ref int y) {}Declare a ref parameter of array type −static void Display(ref int[] myArr)The following is an example showing how to work with ref parameter of an array type in C# −class TestRef { static void Display(ref int[] myArr) { if (myArr == null) { ... Read More
Recursive method call in C# is called Recursion. Let us see an example to calculate power of a number using recursion.Here, if the power is not equal to 0, then the function call occurs which is eventually recursion −if (p!=0) { return (n * power(n, p - 1)); }Above, n is the number itself and the power reduces on every iteration as shown below −Exampleusing System; using System.IO; public class Demo { public static void Main(string[] args) { int n = 5; int p = 2; long res; ... Read More
Sealed class in C# with the sealed keyword cannot be inherited. In the same way, the sealed keyword can be added to the method.When you use sealed modifiers in C# on a method, then the method loses its capabilities of overriding. The sealed method should be part of a derived class and the method must be an overridden method.Let us see an example of sealed class in C# −Exampleusing System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; namespace Demo { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Result ob = new ... Read More
A static constructor is a constructor declared using a static modifier. It is the first block of code executed in a class. With that, a static constructor executes only once in the life cycle of class.The following is an example of static constructors in C# −Exampleusing System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; namespace Difference { class Demo { static int val1; int val2; static Demo() { Console.WriteLine("This is Static Constructor"); val1 = 70; } ... Read More
The C# static class cannot be instantiated and can only have only static members. The static class in C# is sealed and cannot contain instance constructors.The following is an example with static class and static members −Exampleusing System; public static class Demo { public static float PI = 3.14f; public static int calc(int n){return n*n;} } class Program { public static void Main(string[] args) { Console.WriteLine("PI: "+Demo.PI); Console.WriteLine("Square: " + Demo.calc(3)); } }Above, the static class is −public static class Demo { public static float PI ... Read More