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Articles on Trending Technologies
Technical articles with clear explanations and examples
How can you clear a Matplotlib textbox that was previously drawn?
To clear a Matplotlib textbox that was previously drawn, we can take the following steps −Set the figure size and adjust the padding between and around the subplots.Create x and y data points using numpy.Plot x and y using plot() method.Place characters token on the plot.To clear the text, use text.remove(), where text is a returned artist.To display the figure, use show() method.Exampleimport numpy as np from matplotlib import pyplot as plt plt.rcParams["figure.figsize"] = [7.50, 3.50] plt.rcParams["figure.autolayout"] = True fig, ax = plt.subplots() x = np.linspace(-10, 10, 100) y = np.sin(x) ax.plot(x, y) text = fig.text(0.5, 0.96, ...
Read MoreDesign a DFA accepting stringw so that the second symbol is zero and fourth is 1
ProblemConstruct DFA which accepts a string that contains second symbol is zero and fourth symbol is 1 over an alphabet ∑={0,1}.SolutionInput − 00110Output is accepted; because in the given string the second symbol is ‘0’ and the fourth symbol is ‘1’.Input − 11001Output − string is not accepted, because the second symbol is not ‘0’.Design DFA step by step as given below −Step 1 -Valid inputs − 0001Step 2 -Valid input − 1001Step 3 -Valid inputs − 0011, 1011Step 4 -Valid inputs − 00010, 10010, 00110, 00011, 10011, 00111, …Step 5 -Invalid inputs − 0101, 0100, 0010, 1100, 0000, 1000, …Step 6 -Valid inputs − 01010, 01000, 11111, 0100000, …
Read MoreExplain the intersection process of two DFA’s
According to the theorem, If L and M are two regular languages, then L ∩ M is also regular language.ExampleConstruct A∩B where A and B is given as follows −The language A ={10, 100, 00, 001, 1010, …..}The language B ={01, 1010, 10, 101, …..}AA = (QA, Σ, δA, qa, FA) AB = (QB, Σ, δB, qB, FB) A∩B=(QA x QB ,Σ, δ(qA x qB ,FA x F B )Where, δ(( p, q), a) =δL (p, a), δM (q, a))Here, QA x QB = {p, q} x {r, s} ={(p, r), (p, s), (q, r), (q, s)} Z = ...
Read MoreDesign a DFA accepting a language L having number of zeros in multiples of 3
ProblemConstruct a deterministic finite automata (DFA) that accepts a language L which has the number of zero’s is of multiple of 3 over an alphabet ∑=”{0,1}.SolutionIf input is: 000 Output is: string is acceptedBecause here the number of zero’s is multiple of 3.Designing DFAIn order to construct the DFA, follow the below mentioned steps −Step 1 -Valid inputs: 000, 000000, 09 , 012 , …Step 2 -Valid inputs: 1, 1000, 100000, …Step 3 -Valid inputs: 10100, 11000, 101100, …Step 4 -101010, 1101010, 1101110110, …Invalid inputs − 0,00,10000,01011, …
Read MoreConstruct DFA beginning with ‘a’ but does not have substring ‘aab’
ProblemGiven language to construct the deterministic finite automata (DFA) is, the strings start with ‘a’ but not contain substring ‘aab’ over alphabet ∑={a,b}.SolutionIf the input is: “baabba”The output is: string is not acceptedBecause the string does not start with ‘a’, and generating a substring ‘abb’,DFA transition diagramThe DFA transition diagram for the string beginning with ‘a’ but not having the substring as ‘aab’ is as follows −Transition tableThe transition table is as follows −STATEINPUT (a)INPUT (b)→ 01*4 (dead state)1*2*3*2*2*4 (dead state)3*1*3*4 (dead state)4 (dead state)4 (dead State)
Read MoreProve that the polynomial time reduction is from the Clique problem to the Vertex Cover problem
Vertex cover is a subset of vertices that covers all the edges in a graph. It is used to determine whether a given graph has a 3SAT to vertex cover.Clique is called a subset of vertices that are all directly connected. It determines whether a clique of size k exists in a graph.To prove − Vertex cover can be reduced to clique.ProofGiven a graph G=(V, E) and integer k.Get its complement graph G'=(V, E').Solve CLIQUE(G', |V|-k).If there is a solution, return yes. Otherwise, it returns as no.To prove this reduction, we need to show the following −If there is a ...
Read MoreHow to assign specific colors to specific cells in a Matplotlib table?
To assign specific colors to specific cells in a Matplotlib table, we can take the following steps −Set the figure size and adjust the padding between and around the subplots.Make a tuple for columns attribute.Make a list of lists, i.e., list of records.Make a list of lists, i.e., color of each cell.Create a figure and a set of subplots.Add a table to an axes ax.Turn off the axes.To display the figure, use show() method.Exampleimport matplotlib.pyplot as plt plt.rcParams["figure.figsize"] = [7.50, 3.50] plt.rcParams["figure.autolayout"] = True columns = ('name', 'age', 'marks', 'salary') cell_text = [["John", "23", "98", "234"], ["James", ...
Read MoreHow to plot with different scales in Matplotlib?
To plot with different scales in matplotlib, we can take the following steps −StepsSet the figure size and adjust the padding between and around the subplots.Create t, data1 and data2 data points using numpyCreate a figure and a set of subplots, ax1.Initialize a color variable.Set x and y labels of axis 1.Plot t and data1 using plot() method.Set label colors using tick_params() method.Create a twin Axes sharing the X-axis, ax2.Perform steps 4, 6, 7 with a different dataset on axis 2.To display the figure, use show() method.Exampleimport numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt plt.rcParams["figure.figsize"] = [7.50, 3.50] plt.rcParams["figure.autolayout"] ...
Read MoreHorizontal stacked bar chart in Matplotlib
To plot stacked bar chart in Matplotlib, we can use barh() methodsStepsSet the figure size and adjust the padding between and around the subplots.Create a list of years, issues_addressed and issues_pending, in accordance with years.Plot horizontal bars with years and issues_addressed data.To make stacked horizontal bars, use barh() method with years, issues_pending and issues_addressed dataPlace the legend on the plot.To display the figure, use show() method.Examplefrom matplotlib import pyplot as plt plt.rcParams["figure.figsize"] = [7.50, 3.50] plt.rcParams["figure.autolayout"] = True year = [2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019] issues_addressed = [10, 14, 0, 10, 15, 15] issues_pending = [5, 10, 50, ...
Read MoreConstruct a DFA recognizing the language {x | the number of 1's is divisible by 2, and 0'sby 3} over an alphabet ∑={0,1}
ProblemThe given language L={ x | the number of 1's is divisible by 2, and 0's by 3} over an alphabet ∑={0, 1}.SolutionThe language is divided into two parts, first we need to find the number of 1’s divisible by 2 and second find out the number of 0’s divisible by 3, finally combine the two parts to generate a result.Step 1 − DFA for the first part, number of 1’s divisible by 2.Here, q0 on 0 goes to q0 which is a final state, and generates a string 0, accepted by the given language.q0 on 1 goes to q1, ...
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