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Suppose we have a string s, s is said to be good if there are no two different characters in s that have the same frequency. We have to find the minimum number of characters we need to delete to make s a good string.So, if the input is like s = "ssstttuu", then the output will be 2 because if we delete one 't', then there will be three 's', two 't' and two 'u', then again delete one, either 't' or 'u', to make them good.To solve this, we will follow these steps −val := a new map ... Read More
Suppose we have a number n, we have to find the number of strings of size n that consist only of vowels (a, e, i, o, u) and they are lexicographically sorted. We can say that a string s is lexicographically sorted when for all valid index i, s[i] is the same as or comes before s[i+1] in the alphabet.So, if the input is like n = 2, then the output will be 15 because there are many strings like ["aa", "ae", "ai", "ao", "au", "ee", "ei", "eo", "eu", "ii", "io", "iu", "oo", "ou", "uu"].To solve this, we will follow ... Read More
Suppose we have two strings s and t, we have to find the number of ways we can select a nonempty substring of s and replace one single character by another different character such that the resulting substring is one of the substring of t. We have to find the number of substrings that satisfy the condition above.So, if the input is like s = "sts" t = "tsts", then the output will be 6 because the following are the pairs of substrings from s and t that differ by 1 character −("sts", "tsts"), ("sts", "tsts"), ("sts", "tsts"), ("sts", "tsts"), ... Read More
Suppose we have 2D matrix of order m x n called height. The heights[i][j] represents the height of cell (i, j). If we are at (0, 0) cell we want to travel to the bottom-right cell, (m-1, n-1). We can move up, down, left, or right, and we wish to find a route that requires the minimum effort. In this problem the roots effort is the maximum absolute difference in heights between two consecutive cells of the route. So finally, we need to find minimum efforts needed to travel to the destination.So, if the input is like234495646then the output will ... Read More
Suppose we have two lists called scores and ages, where scores[i] and ages[i] represents the score and age of the ith player in a basketball game. We want to select the team with the highest overall score. Here the score of the team is the total sum of scores of all the players in the team. But we do not allow conflicts in the game. Here a conflict exists if a younger player has a strictly higher score than an older player.So, if the input is like scores = [5, 7, 9, 14, 19], ages = [5, 6, 7, 8, ... Read More
Suppose we have a string s with only numeric digits and also have two values a and b. We can apply any one of the following two operations any number of times and in any order on s −Add 'a' to all odd positioned items of s(0-indexed). If digit is 9, then by adding something with it will be cycled back to 0.Rotate 's' to the right by b positions.So we have to find the lexicographically smallest string we can get by applying the above operations any number of times on s.So, if the input is like s = "5323" ... Read More
Suppose we have n points on a line, where the ith point (from 0 to n-1) is at position x = i, we have to find the number of ways we can draw exactly k different non-overlapping line segments such that each segment covers two or more points. The endpoints of each line segment must have integral coordinates. The k line segments do not have to cover all given n points, and they can share endpoints. If the answer is too large, then return result mod 10^9+7.So, if the input is like n = 4 k = 2, then the ... Read More
Suppose there are n cities and there are some roads connecting these cities. Each roads[i] = [u, v] indicates that there is a two-way road between cities u and v. Now consider network rank is the total number of directly connected roads to either city. When a road is directly connected to both cities, it is only counted once. And the maximal network rank of the network is the maximum network rank of all pairs of different cities. So, if we have different roads, we have to find the maximal network rank of the entire network.So, if the input is ... Read More
American vs. European Stock OptionsAmerican and European stock options have some similar qualities but their differences are equally important. For instance, American-style options owners may exercise their options at any time before the option expires, while European-style options owners may exercise their rights only at expiration or maturity.Most equity options are American-style options and they are traded mainly in an Exchange. However, many broad-based equity indices, such as the S&P 500, deal in actively traded European-style options.There are some major differences between American and European options. Here are some of them.MeaningEuropean Option − European Option lets the option holder the ... Read More
Suppose we have two arrays rowSum and colSum with non-negative values where rowSum[i] has the sum of the elements in the ith row and colSum[j] has the sum of the elements in the jth column of a 2D matrix. We have to find any matrix with non-negative values of size (rowSum size x colSum size) that satisfies the given rowSum and colSum values.So, if the input is like rowSum = [13, 14, 12] colSum = [9, 13, 17], then the output will be9400950012To solve this, we will follow these steps −matrix := create empty matrixvisited := a new setDefine a ... Read More