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The study of secure communications techniques that enable only the sender and the intended recipient of messages to read its contents is known as cryptography. The word "kryptos" comes from the Greek word "kryptos, " which means "hidden." It is closely linked to encryption, which is the process of scrambling plaintext into ciphertext and then back again when it's received. In addition, cryptography includes techniques such as microdots and merging to obfuscate information in photographs. Ancient Egyptians were known to ... Read More
There are various classification of security attack is as follows − Cryptanalytic attacks These attacks are combination of statistical and algebraic techniques objective at make sure the secret key of a cipher. These technique inspect the numerical properties of the cryptographic algorithms and aims at discovering distinguishers of the output distribution of cryptographic algorithms from the uniform distribution. Non-cryptanalytic attacks Non-cryptanalytic attacks do not exploit the numerical weakness of the cryptographic algorithm. There are three objective of security are confidentiality, integrity and availability can be very much vulnerable by this type of attack. Attacks threatening confidentiality Attacks threatening the confidentiality ... Read More
There are various applications of cryptography which are as follows − Secrecy in Transmission Some existing secrecy systems for transmission access a private key system for converting transmitted data because it is the quickest approach that functions with rational guarantee and low overhead. If the multiple conversing parties is minute, key distribution is implemented periodically with a courier service and key preservation based on physical security of the keys over the method of use and destruction after new keys are disseminated. Secrecy in Storage Secrecy in storage is frequently preserved by a one-key system where the user provide the key ... Read More
Cryptography is an automated mathematical tool that plays an important role in network security. It supports the confidentiality and integrity of information and provide authentication and non-repudiation to the users. Cryptography is frequently used in distributed applications to transfer recognition and authentication information from one system to another over a network. Cryptographic authentication systems validate a user based on the awareness or control of a cryptographic key. Cryptographic authentication systems can be based on private key cryptosystems or public key cryptosystems. Cryptographic approach can encrypt the biometric templates or images which are saved in a database. It can enhance the ... Read More
Cryptography supports a number of security aims to provide the privacy of information, non-alteration of information and so on. Because of the high security benefit of cryptography it is broadly used today. There are the various goals of cryptography which are as follows − Confidentiality Information in computer is sent and has to be approached only by the authorized party and not by anyone else. The principle of confidentiality represent that only the sender and the intended recipient(s) should be able to make the content of a message. Confidentiality have negotiated if an unauthorized person is able to make a ... Read More
Introduction to Cryptography in Network SecurityCryptography is an automated numerical tool that plays an essential role in network security. It provides the confidentiality and integrity of data and supports authentication and non-repudiation to the users.Cryptography and User AuthenticationCryptography can play some multiple roles in user authentication. Cryptographic authentication systems support authentication capabilities through the need of cryptographic keys known or consumed only by authorized entities. Cryptography also provides authentication through its extensive use in other authentication systems.Applications of Cryptography in Password SystemsPassword systems apply cryptography to encrypt stored password files, card/token system apply cryptography to secure sensitive stored data, and ... Read More
As one of the world's biggest streaming services, Netflix has a problem: to delivery high-quality video content to millions of users at any time. One part of this complex problem is so-called caching warmup: the strategy of storing copies of frequently accessed data closer to the users to reduce latency and make the streams smoother.Read this article to understand the several strategies and technologies that Netflix adopted in order to warm its cache up as efficiently as possible to give its viewers' the best possible viewing experience.Predictive Caching Predictive caching is the fundamental technique used by Netflix to predict what ... Read More
In this article, we will understand how to find the area of a parallelogram using Java. A parallelogram has two pairs of parallel equal opposite sides. It has a base and a height which is the perpendicular distance between the base and its opposite parallel side. The area of a parallelogram is calculated using the formula − base * height i.e. b x h Problem Statement Write a program in Java to find the area of a parallelogram. Below is a demonstration of the same − Input Base : 6 Height : 8 Output Area parallelogram is ... Read More
In this article, we will learn to take a character input from the user and convert it into a string using Java. The toString() method of the Character class converts the character to a string. Problem Statement Write a program in Java to convert a character to a string. Input Enter a character :: T Output T Steps to convert character to string Following are the steps to convert characters to the string − We will start by importing the Scanner class to handle user input using java.util package. After that, ask ... Read More
In this article, we will calculate the number of minutes between two-time instants using Java. This will be done by using the Instant and Duration classes from the java.time package. We'll create two instances of time, add specific hours and minutes to one of them, and then compute the difference in minutes between the two.Steps to get minutes between two-time instantsFollowing are the steps to get minutes between two-time instants −First, import the necessary classes: Duration, Instant, and ChronoUnit from the java.time package.Create an instance of the current time using Instant.now().Add 5 hours and 10 minutes to the first time instance to ... Read More