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Suppose we have a number n. A number is a binary decimal if it's a positive integer and all digits in its decimal notation are either 0 or 1. For example, 1001 (one thousand and one) is a binary decimal, while 1021 are not. From the number n, we have to represent n as a sum of some (not necessarily distinct) binary decimals. Then compute the smallest number of binary decimals required for that.So, if the input is like n = 121, then the output will be 2, because this can be represented as 110 + 11 or 111 + ... Read More
Walter's model is one of the most important theories of dividend in financial management. Proposed by Professor James E. Walter, the model states that the dividend policy is a precursor of the value of a company. As companies pay dividends depending on the earnings, the payout of dividends can show how much the company was valued.Walter's model is based on the relationship between a company's Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and the Cost of Capital (CoC). These two factors are used to find the dividend theory that will reflect the want of the company to maximize the shareholder's wealth. As ... Read More
Risk assessments should be conducted by teams that involves both functional managers and information technology administrators. Business operations, workflow, or technologies change, periodic reviews must be conducted to analyze these changes. The result of new threats and vulnerabilities produced by these changes has to be decided. A comprehensive testing of the effectiveness of existing controls also needed.The objective of a risk assessment is to provide management create appropriate strategies and controls for managing of information assets. The basic goals of risk assessment should always be to deal with those elements of decision making that are uncertain.If the results of actions ... Read More
Suppose we have an array A with n elements and a number k. There are n students in a class. The rating of ith student is A[i]. We have to form a team with k students such that rating of all team members are distinct. If not possible return "Impossible", otherwise return the sequence of indices.So, if the input is like A = [15, 13, 15, 15, 12]; k = 3, then the output will be [1, 2, 5].StepsTo solve this, we will follow these steps −Define two large arrays app and ans and fill them with cnt := 0 ... Read More
The principle of risk assessment are as follows −The assessment should have clear goals reflecting the informational needs of decision makers and decided in an iterative dialogue between the assessor and the decision-maker.Risk assessment is always connected to decision-making. In specific, it can provide prioritize actions, provide objective and defensible means to distinguish among alternative courses of action, and allows a choice to be made.The scope and content should be depends on the goals of the assessment and best professional judgment, treating the benefits and costs of acquiring more information before undertaking the assessment.The scope of the assessment are as ... Read More
The companies that pay regular dividends generally use informational content to promote their status in the market. A company that pays regular dividends increasingly is appreciated more by investors which helps the company in collecting more benefits in terms of investment by the lenders, debtors, and investors in the market.Therefore, companies that pay regular dividends use the information in their favor to increase the share prices or to attract more investment. This process of dividend signaling to investors is known as the dividend signaling hypothesis.How Does Dividend Signaling Help Companies?The MM model suggests that a company that is strong enough ... Read More
According to the Miller Modigliani model of dividend theory, shareholders need not depend solely on dividends provided by the parent company to raise cash. They can sell their shares in the market to get the money they want. This is known as a Homemade Dividend because the part of cash generated in the process is not like regular methods. Instead, it is more like a homemade situation which lets the shareholders earn the cash.After the execution of a homemade dividend, shareholders will be left with less rights on the given company and the rights will be transferred to a new ... Read More
Information security risk assessment is an essential part of enterprises management practices that provides to identify, quantify, and prioritize risks against element for risk acceptance and goals relevant to the organization.Risk management defines a process that includes identification, management, and elimination or reduction of the likelihood of events that can negatively influence the resources of the information system to decrease security risks that potentially have the ability to affect the information system, subject to an acceptable value of protection defines that include a risk analysis, analysis of the “cost-effectiveness” parameter, and selection, construction, and testing of the security subsystem, and ... Read More
Companies use their net earnings either to keep them as retained earnings or to distribute them as dividends. The need for retained earnings or dividend payout is solely a matter of management's decision. However, in the case of a conflict to choose between the two, it is up to the dividend policy of the firm that is created before earning a net income.The objectives of a company's dividend policy can be divided into two major parts.The Company's Need for Funding its Future ProjectsFirms may use the net earnings as retained earnings to fund their future projects.As retained earnings have some ... Read More
Risk analysis defines the review of risks related to the specific action or event. The risk analysis is used to information technology, projects, security issues and some other event where risks can be analysed based on a quantitative and qualitative basis.There are some steps followed by a risk analysis process are as follows −Establish the Risk Assessment Team − The risk assessment team will be answerable for the collection, analysis, and documenting of the assessment results to management. It is essential that some aspects of the activity work flow be defined on the team, such as human resources, administrative processes, ... Read More