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Introduction When it comes to website security, HTTPS is an essential component. HTTPS, or Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure, is a protocol that encrypts data being transmitted between a website and its visitors. The encryption ensures that any sensitive information shared on the site, such as login credentials or payment details, cannot be intercepted by third-party users. Without HTTPS, websites are vulnerable to attacks like man-in-the-middle attacks and phishing scams. These types of attacks can lead to significant data breaches and result in a loss of user trust. In addition to providing security benefits, HTTPS also has SEO benefits ... Read More
Introduction The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) header is a crucial aspect of web communication between the client and the server. It contains various types of information, including the software used for running the website. In particular, it may reveal detailed information about your website's PHP version number. PHP is a server-side scripting language that powers over 80% of websites worldwide and has a high likelihood of being targeted by hackers due to its popularity. It's important to hide your website's PHP version number not only to protect it from attackers who can exploit known vulnerabilities but also to prevent ... Read More
Introduction Nginx is a popular open-source web server that is used by many companies and websites to serve their content efficiently. The Nginx server version refers to the version of the software currently being used. By default, Nginx displays the server version number in its response headers, which can be viewed by anyone with access to a web browser or other network analysis tools. While this information may seem harmless, it can actually pose significant risks to your website's security. Understanding the Risks Associated with Revealing Nginx Server Version Exploitation by Hackers One of the primary risks associated ... Read More
Introduction Cybersecurity is a growing concern for businesses and individuals alike. One way to protect yourself against potential attacks is by hiding sensitive information such as your Apache version number. The Apache version number can be used by attackers to identify vulnerabilities in your system and launch an attack. Additionally, default Apache settings may reveal sensitive information such as server operating system, installed modules, or applications, which can make it easier for hackers to gain unauthorized access. By hiding the Apache version number and other sensitive information, you can reduce the risk of cyberattacks. Understanding Apache Version Number ... Read More
Introduction As a Linux user, you may have heard the term "hacking" in relation to cybersecurity and assumed it was only used by malicious attackers. However, hacking can also be used as a means of improving your own system's security by identifying vulnerabilities and potential entry points that could allow others to gain unauthorized access. By hacking your own Linux system, you can identify these weaknesses before cybercriminals have a chance to exploit them. Preparing Your System for Hacking Installing Necessary Tools and Software Before attempting to hack your Linux system, it is essential to have the proper tools ... Read More
Introduction Grep is one of the most powerful and widely used command-line tools in Linux/Unix systems. It stands for “Global Regular Expression Print” and is used for searching text files or output of commands for specific patterns or strings. It can search through an entire directory structure, filter the results and display only relevant data to the user. Grep is a versatile tool that can be used for many different tasks, including system administration, programming and data analysis. Basic Grep Commands Grep is a powerful command-line tool used in Unix-based operating systems to search for specific patterns or ... Read More
Introduction Git is a popular version control system used by developers to track changes in their codebase. Git Stash is a feature that allows developers to temporarily save changes they have made to their working directory, without committing them to the repository. This feature is useful when developers need to switch to a different branch or work on another feature, but don't want to commit untested changes. When using Git Stash, all changes in the working directory are saved as a "stash" which can be retrieved later. This allows developers to work on multiple features simultaneously without having unfinished ... Read More
Introduction Before we dive into the topic of how to get total inodes of root partition, let's start with understanding what inodes actually are. Inodes, short for Index Nodes, is a data structure used by the file system to store information about files and directories. Every file or directory on a Unix-based system has an inode associated with it, which contains metadata such as permissions, timestamps, and other attributes. In simple terms, an inode acts as a pointer to where data is stored on the hard drive. It is worth noting that unlike file names or directory names which ... Read More
Introduction In the Linux operating system, a directory is similar to a folder in other operating systems. It's a way to organize files and other directories, which helps the user easily locate and access them. Directories can be nested within each other, creating a hierarchical structure that can be several levels deep. One important feature of directories in Linux is that they are treated as files themselves. This means that they have attributes and permissions, just like any other file. Directories also contain metadata such as creation time and last modified time. Method 1: Using the "du" Command Explanation of ... Read More
Introduction Secure Shell (SSH) is a widely used protocol for securely connecting to remote systems over unsecured networks. It provides a secure channel for communication between two systems, allowing users to execute commands and manage files on remote machines without the risk of eavesdropping, tampering, or identity theft. However, despite its strong security features, SSH is still vulnerable to attacks from cybercriminals who seek to exploit weak passwords, unpatched software vulnerabilities, or misconfigured permissions. Therefore, it's essential to take proactive measures in order to secure your SSH access. Setting up Email Alerts for Root Login Exploring the Necessary ... Read More