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SQL - DATETIMEFROMPARTS() Function
The SQL DATETIMEFROMPARTS() function is used to construct a new datetime value from individual segments provided as parameters to this function.
This function accepts seven parameters: year, month, day, hour, minute, seconds, and milliseconds and returns a datetime value.
It returns an error if any of the parameters are missing.
If the values passed as parameters are invalid, this function will result in an error.
If any of the parameters are null, it will return the result as null.
Syntax
Following is the syntax of the SQL DATETIMEFROMPARTS() function −
DATETIMEFROMPARTS(year, month, day, hour, minute, seconds, milliseconds)
Parameters
This function accepts seven parameters. The same is described below −
year − This specifies the year segment of the datetime2 value, expressed as an integer.
month − This specifies the month segment of the datetime2 value, expressed as an integer from 1 to 12.
day − This specifies the day segment of the datetime2 value, expressed as an integer from 1 to 31.
hour − This specifies the hour segment of the datetime2 value, expressed as an integer from 0 to 23.
minute − This specifies the minute segment of the datetime2 value, expressed as an integer from 0 to 59.
seconds − This specifies the second segment of the datetime2 value, expressed as an integer from 0 to 59.
milliseconds − This specifies the millisecond segment of the datetime value.
Example
The following example demonstrates the usage of the SQL DATETIMEFROMPARTS() function −
SQL> SELECT DATETIMEFROMPARTS (2023, 02, 17, 17, 01, 45, 000) AS DATE_TIME;
Output
On executing the above query, the output is displayed as follows −
+-------------------------+ | DATE_TIME | +-------------------------+ | 2023-02-17 17:01:45.000 | +-------------------------+
Example
If we provide invalid values to any of the parameters of the function, it results an error.
SQL> SELECT DATETIMEFROMPARTS (2023, 02, 34, 53, 67, 45, 000) AS DATE_TIME;
Error
If we execute the program, the result is produced as follows −
Cannot construct data type datetime, some of the arguments have values which are not valid.
Example
If we provide any of the parameters of the function as null, the function will result as null.
SQL> SELECT DATETIMEFROMPARTS (2023, 02, null, 23, null, 45, 000) AS DATE_TIME;
Output
When we execute the above query, the output is obtained as follows −
+-----------+ | DATE_TIME | +-----------+ | NULL | +-----------+
Example
We need to provide all seven parameters of the function. If we do not provide it, the function will result in an error.
SQL> SELECT DATETIMEFROMPARTS (2023, 02, 17) AS DATE_TIME;
Error
If we execute the above query, the result is produced as follows −
The datetimefromparts function requires 7 argument(s).
Example
Here, we are providing the leap year date as parameters to the function using the following query −
SQL> SELECT DATETIMEFROMPARTS (2024, 02, 29, 19, 11, 55, 343) AS DATE_TIME;
Output
When we execute the above query, the output is obtained as follows −
+-------------------------+ | DATE_TIME | +-------------------------+ | 2024-02-29 19:11:55.343 | +-------------------------+
Example
In the following example, we are providing 29 as the date and the year 2023 is not a leap year. So, the function will return an error.
SQL> SELECT DATETIMEFROMPARTS (2023, 02, 29, 19, 11, 55, 343) AS DATE_TIME
Error
If we execute the program, the result is produced as follows −
Cannot construct data type datetime, some of the arguments have values which are not valid.
Example
Assume we have created a table with the name STUDENTS in the SQL database using the CREATE statement as shown in the query below −
SQL> CREATE TABLE STUDENTS(ID INT NOT NULL, NAME VARCHAR (200) NOT NULL, YEAR VARCHAR (200) NOT NULL, MONTH VARCHAR (200) NOT NULL, DAY VARCHAR (200) NOT NULL, HOURS VARCHAR (200) NOT NULL, MINUTES VARCHAR (200) NOT NULL, SECONDS VARCHAR (200) NOT NULL, MILLISECONDS VARCHAR (200) NOT NULL)
Now, let us insert some records in the STUDENTS table using INSERT statements as shown in the query below −
SQL> INSERT INTO STUDENTS(ID, NAME, YEAR, MONTH, DAY, HOURS, MINUTES, SECONDS, MILLISECONDS) VALUES(1, 'Dhruv', '2023', '01', '01', '14', '23', '00', '000'); INSERT INTO STUDENTS(ID, NAME, YEAR, MONTH, DAY, HOURS, MINUTES, SECONDS, MILLISECONDS) VALUES(2, 'Arjun', '2023', '02', '01', '05', '43', '00', '000'); INSERT INTO STUDENTS(ID, NAME, YEAR, MONTH, DAY, HOURS, MINUTES, SECONDS, MILLISECONDS) VALUES(3, 'Dev', '2023', '03', '01', '06', '11','00', '000'); INSERT INTO STUDENTS(ID, NAME, YEAR, MONTH, DAY, HOURS, MINUTES, SECONDS, MILLISECONDS) VALUES(4, 'Riya', '2023', '04', '01', '07', '21', '00', '000'); INSERT INTO STUDENTS(ID, NAME, YEAR, MONTH, DAY, HOURS, MINUTES, SECONDS, MILLISECONDS) VALUES(5, 'Aarohi', '2023', '08', '01', '08', '54', '00', '000'); INSERT INTO STUDENTS(ID, NAME, YEAR, MONTH, DAY, HOURS, MINUTES, SECONDS, MILLISECONDS) VALUES(6, 'Lisa', '2023', '09', '01', '09', '32', '00', '000'); INSERT INTO STUDENTS(ID, NAME, YEAR, MONTH, DAY, HOURS, MINUTES, SECONDS, MILLISECONDS) VALUES(7, 'Roy', '2023', '10', '01', '10', '01', '00', '000');
We can verify whether the table is created or not using the following query −
SQL> SELECT * FROM STUDENTS
The table STUDENTS is successfully created in the SQL database.
+----+--------+------+-------+-----+-------+--------+---------+--------------+ | ID | NAME | YEAR | MONTH | DAY | HOURS | MINUTES| SECONDS | MILLISECONDS | +----+--------+------+-------+-----+-------+--------+---------+--------------+ | 1 | Dhruv | 2023 | 01 | 01 | 14 | 23 | 00 | 000 | | 2 | Arjun | 2023 | 02 | 01 | 05 | 43 | 00 | 000 | | 3 | Dev | 2023 | 03 | 01 | 06 | 11 | 00 | 000 | | 4 | Riya | 2023 | 04 | 01 | 07 | 21 | 00 | 000 | | 5 | Aarohi | 2023 | 08 | 01 | 08 | 54 | 00 | 000 | | 6 | Lisa | 2023 | 09 | 01 | 09 | 32 | 00 | 000 | | 7 | Roy | 2023 | 10 | 01 | 10 | 01 | 00 | 000 | +----+--------+------+-------+-----+-------+--------+---------+--------------+
We can join all the date and time values of the students using the following query −
SQL> SELECT NAME, DATETIMEFROMPARTS(YEAR, MONTH, DAY, HOURS, MINUTES, SECONDS, MILLISECONDS) AS DATETIMEFROMPARTS_VALUE FROM STUDENTS;
Output
When we execute the above query, the output is obtained as follows −
+--------+-------------------------+ | NAME | DATETIMEFROMPARTS_VALUE | +--------+-------------------------+ | Dhruv | 2023-01-01 14:23:00.000 | | Arjun | 2023-02-01 05:43:00.000 | | Dev | 2023-03-01 06:11:00.000 | | Riya | 2023-04-01 07:21:00.000 | | Aarohi | 2023-08-01 08:54:00.000 | | Lisa | 2023-09-01 09:32:00.000 | | Roy | 2023-10-01 10:01:00.000 | +--------+-------------------------+
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