(a) Classify the following as homologous or analogous pairs :(i) Broccoli and Cabbage(ii) Ginger and Raddish(iii) Forelimbs of birds and lizard(iv) Wings of a bat and Wings of a bird(b) State the main feature that categorizes a given pair of organs as homologous or analogous.

(a) (i) Broccoli and Cabbage are homologous in nature as they belong to the same family indicating a common origin.

(ii) Ginger and Raddish are analogous in nature as they perform a similar function of storing their food in the form of modified root, but they have a different source of origin.

(iii) Forelimbs of birds and lizards are homologous in nature as they have a common origin but different functions.

(iv) Wings of a bat and Wings of a bird are analogous organs as they perform similar functions of flying but they have a different source of origin.

(b) The main feature that categorizes a given pair of organs as homologous or analogous are their basic structure, source of origin and their performed function.

[Extra information:

Homologous organs	Analogous organs
(i) These organs have the same basic structure.	(i) These organs are different in structure.
(ii) These organs perform different functions.	(ii) These organs perform similar functions.
(iii) These organs show divergent evolution.	(iii) They show convergent evolution.
(iv) Example: The bones in the human arms and bones in the front flipper of a whale have the same origin and different function.	(iv) Example: The wings of birds and wings of butterflies have different origin and the same function.