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How to start a transaction in JDBC?
A transaction is a unit of work that is performed against a database. Transactions are units or sequences of work accomplished in a logical order, whether in a manual fashion by a user or automatically by some sort of a database program.
A transaction is the propagation of one or more changes to the database. For example, if you are creating a record or updating a record or deleting a record from the table, then you are performing a transaction on that table. It is important to control these transactions to ensure the data integrity and to handle database errors.
Ending a transaction
After performing the required operations you can end/save a transaction using the commit command. In JDBC applications you can do this using the commit() method of the Connection Interface.
Whenever an issue occur with in a transaction you can revert the changes done in the database using rollback.
Staring a transaction
In general, in JDBC, after you establish a connection, by default, your connection will be in auto-commit mode i.e. Every statement you execute using this connection is saved automatically, which means the database manages its own transactions and each individual SQL-statement is considered as a transations.
You can enable manual-transaction support by turning off the auto-commit mode. To do so, you need to passing the boolean value false to the setAutoCommit() method of the Connection interface.
conn.setAutoCommit(false);
Example
Following program inserts data in to this table using batch processing. Here we set the auto commit false, add the required statements to a batch, execute the batch and then commit the database on our own.
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class BatchProcessing_Statement {
public static void main(String args[])throws Exception {
//Getting the connection
String mysqlUrl = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/sampleDB";
Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(mysqlUrl, "root", "password");
System.out.println("Connection established......");
//Creating a Statement object
Statement stmt = con.createStatement();
//Setting auto-commit false
con.setAutoCommit(false);
//Statements to insert records
String insert1 = "INSERT INTO Dispatches( Product_Name , Name_Of_Customer , "
+ "Month_Of_Dispatch , Price, Location) VALUES "
+ "('KeyBoard', 'Amith', 'January', 1000, 'hyderabad')";
String insert2 = "INSERT INTO Dispatches( Product_Name , Name_Of_Customer , "
+ "Month_Of_Dispatch , Price, Location) VALUES "
+ "('Earphones', 'SUMITH', 'March', 500, 'Vishakhapatnam')";
String insert3 = "INSERT INTO Dispatches( Product_Name , Name_Of_Customer , "
+ "Month_Of_Dispatch , Price, Location) VALUES "
+ "('Mouse', 'Sudha', 'September', 200, 'Vijayawada')";
//Adding the statements to the batch
stmt.addBatch(insert1);
stmt.addBatch(insert2);
stmt.addBatch(insert3);
//Executing the batch
stmt.executeBatch();
//Saving the changes
con.commit();
System.out.println("Records inserted......");
}
}Output
Connection established...... Records inserted......
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