How to perform paired t test in R with a factor column in the data frame?

When we have a factor column in an R data frame that has two levels and a numerical column then we can apply paired-test on this data frame but the data must be collected for same subjects, otherwise it will not be a paired data. The t.test application on the data discussed here can be done by using the command t.test(y1~x1,data=df), where y1 is the numerical column, x1 is the factor column, and both these columns are stored in data frame called df.

Example

Consider the below data frame −

 Live Demo

x1<-sample(c("Male","Female"),20,replace=TRUE)
y1<-rpois(20,5)
df1<-data.frame(x1,y1)
df1

Output

     x1    y1
1  Female  4
2  Male    4
3  Female  4
4  Male    4
5  Female  6
6  Male    4
7  Female  3
8  Male    4
9  Female  7
10 Male    6
11 Male    2
12 Female  1
13 Male    5
14 Male    8
15 Male    6
16 Male    6
17 Female  3
18 Female  5
19 Male    4
20 Male    5

Applying the t.test on data in df1 −

Example

t.test(y1~x1,data=df1)

Output

   Welch Two Sample t-test
data: y1 by x1
t = -0.88636, df = 12.897, p-value = 0.3917
alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
95 percent confidence interval:
-2.436194 1.019527
sample estimates:
mean in group Female mean in group Male
   4.125000   4.833333

Example

 Live Demo

x2<-sample(c("Hot","Cold"),20,replace=TRUE)
y2<-sample(0:9,20,replace=TRUE)
df2<-data.frame(x2,y2)
df2

Output

   x2    y2
1  Hot   8
2  Cold  1
3  Hot   5
4  Hot   2
5  Cold  4
6  Cold  0
7  Hot   8
8  Cold  3
9  Cold  9
10 Cold  6
11 Cold  0
12 Cold  9
13 Hot   6
14 Hot   2
15 Cold  3
16 Hot   1
17 Cold  6
18 Hot   7
19 Hot   8
20 Hot   9

Applying the t.test on data in df2 −

Example

t.test(y2~x2,data=df2)

Output

   Welch Two Sample t-test
data: y2 by x2
t = -1.0627, df = 17.721, p-value = 0.3022
alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
95 percent confidence interval:
-4.46872 1.46872
sample estimates:
mean in group Cold mean in group Hot
  4.1    5.6

Nizamuddin Siddiqui

e

Updated on: 16-Mar-2021

2K+ Views

Kickstart Your Career

Get certified by completing the course

Get Started