How can I convert numbers to a color scale in Matplotlib?

To convert numbers to a color scale in matplotlib, we can take the following steps.

Steps

Create x, y and c data points using numpy.
Convert the data points to Pandas dataframe.
Create a new figure or activate an existing figure using subplots() method.
Get the hot colormap.
To linearly normalize the data, we can use Normalize() class.
Plot the scatter points with x and y data points and linearly normalized colormap.
Set the xticks for x data points.
To make the colorbar, create a scalar mappable object.
Use colorbar() method to make the colorbar.
To display the figure, use show() method.

Example

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt, colors
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
plt.rcParams["figure.figsize"] = [7.00, 3.50]
plt.rcParams["figure.autolayout"] = True
x = np.arange(12)
y = np.random.rand(len(x)) * 20
c = np.random.rand(len(x)) * 3 + 1.5
df = pd.DataFrame({"x": x, "y": y, "c": c})
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
cmap = plt.cm.hot
norm = colors.Normalize(vmin=2.0, vmax=5.0)
ax.scatter(df.x, df.y, color=cmap(norm(df.c.values)))
ax.set_xticks(df.x)
sm = plt.cm.ScalarMappable(cmap=cmap, norm=norm)
fig.colorbar(sm)
plt.show()