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Golang program to compute the factorial of a number using concurrency
In this article, we will write Go language programs to compute the factorial of a number using concurrency. It is a task of implementing multiple operations simultaneously and can be implemented using Go routines and channels. Go routines are the lightweight threads and channels help in non-conflicting communications between the routines.
Syntax
func make ([] type, size, capacity)
The make function in go language is used to create an array/map it accepts the type of variable to be created, its size and capacity as arguments.
Algorithm
This program imports the necessary packages main and fmt.
In this step, define the function factorial_number that takes input parameter n of type uint64 and a channel ch of type chan uint64.
Then, create a function named factorial_number to calculate the factorial of a number.
Then, initialize a variable fact of type uint64 to 1.
Then, use a for loop from 2 until i reaches n. In each iteration multiply fact by i.
Then, send the calculated factorial value stored in fact to the channel ch.
Create a main function.
In the main, firstly set the number whose factorial is to be calculated.
In this step, create a channel ch of type chan uint64 using make which is a built-in function.
Then, start a go routine to calculate the factorial by calling the function factorial_number with the number and ch as argument.
Then, read the factorial calculated from the channel and store it inside fact variable.
Finally, print the output on the console using the Printf function with the use of %d to print numerical values.
Example 1
In this example, we will write a Golang program to calculate the factorial of a number using go routines and channels to execute concurrent implementation of the process.
package main
import (
"fmt"
)
func factorial_number(n uint64, ch chan uint64) {
fact := uint64(1)
for i := uint64(2); i <= n; i++ {
fact *= i
}
ch <- fact
}
func main() {
number := uint64(6)
ch := make(chan uint64)
go factorial_number(number, ch)
fact := <-ch
fmt.Printf("Factorial of %d is: %d\n", number, fact)
}
Output
Factorial of 6 is : 720
Example 2
In this example, we will write a Golang program to calculate the factorial of a number by using the recursive technique with Go routines and channels.
package main
import (
"fmt"
)
func factorial_number(n uint64, ch chan uint64) {
if n == 0 {
ch <- 1
return
}
fact := n
for i := n - 1; i > 0; i-- {
fact *= i
}
ch <- fact
}
func main() {
number := uint64(8)
ch := make(chan uint64)
go factorial_number(number, ch)
fact := <-ch
fmt.Printf("Factorial of %d is: %d\n", number, fact)
}
Output
Factorial of 8 is: 40320
Conclusion
We compiled and executed the program of computing the factorial of a number using two examples. In the first example we used go routines and channels and in the second example, we used recursion with these go routines and channels.
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