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Articles by Tapas Kumar Ghosh
Page 3 of 19
Printing the correct number of decimal points with cout in C++
When working with floating-point numbers in C++, it's important to know how to control the number of decimal places displayed in the output. By default, cout may not always print the expected number of digits after the decimal point.How to Print Correct Number of Decimal Points with cout?To display numbers with a specific number of decimal places using cout, you can use the setprecision() function, which accepts an integer value representing the number of digits after the decimal to be printed and returns a stream manipulator that formats the number with the specified precision. The setprecision() function belongs to the ...
Read MoreHow to initialize const member variable in a C++ class?
A const member variable in a C++ class is a data member whose value must be initialized during object construction and cannot be modified. Initializing Const Member Variable in C++ Class The const member variable must be initialized. To initialize a const member variable, you can use a member initializer list using a constructor, . The member initializer list is the special way to initialize the values to class variables while creating an object before the constructor block runs. Note: If the member is static and of an integer type, you can directly initialized with the class definition. ...
Read MoreHow to use POSIX semaphores in C language
The POSIX stands for Portable Operating System which was developed by IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers). This is UNIX based operating system that is used for both system calls and library functions. The semaphores are used in the process of multithreading and synchronization. For eg. file sharing and memory management. It can be named or unnamed. Multithreading is the process of executing multiple tasks in the same instance of time while synchronization is used to control the thread to work in a sequential manner. It is important for data security. Using Semaphores in C language To use ...
Read MoreHow to check if a variable is NULL in C/C++?
In C/C++, there is no special method for comparing NULL values. We can use if statements to check whether a variable is null or not.Here, we will attempt to open a file in read mode that does not exist on the system. In this case, the function will return a NULL pointer. We can check whether it is NULL or not using an if statement. C Example to Check Variable is NULL or Not In this example, we check whether the file is exist or not using NULL. #include int main() { //try to open ...
Read MoreC++ Program to Check Whether a Number can be Expressed as Sum of Two Prime Numbers
You are given a number and you need to write a C++ program to check whether a number can be expressed as sum of two prime numbers. Input / Output Scenarios Following is the input-output statement: Input: n = 19 Output: 19 can be expressed as the sum of two prime numbers. Explanation: 19 = 17 + 2, and both 17 and 2 are prime numbers. Input: n = 36 Output: 36 can be expressed as the sum of two prime numbers. Explanation: 36 = 31 + 5, and both 31 and 5 are prime numbers. C++ Program ...
Read MoreC++ program to Zoom digits of an integer
Zooming digits means printing the digits of a given number in an enlarged form using special characters. In this article, we will learn to print (display) enlarged (zoomed) form of the digits of a given number. Below is the representation of digits 01438 in zoom format, Example of Zoom Digits in Integers Form To generate the zoomed digit, we define the pattern logic for each digit based on its respective function prototype. Then, we create a function that sets the switch-case logic which processes the selected digit based on either user input or a given number. In this example, ...
Read MorePrecision of floating point numbers in C++ (floor(), ceil(), trunc(), round() and setprecision())
Precision of floating point numbers is the accuracy upto which a floating point number can hold the values after decimal. For example, 10/6 = 1.6666666… these have recurring decimals which can take infinite memory spaces to be stored. To avoid memory overflow in such cases the compiler set a precision limit to the number. For float values in C++, the precision is set to 6-7 digit after that if the decimal recurs it will discard the value. So, to avoid any major losses when this discarding takes place there are methods and libraries that support the precision is float values. ...
Read MoreDesign a queue data structure to get minimum or maximum in O(1) time
In data structure & algorithm, we have a deque header file that handles the properties of stack and queue. For getting minimum and maximum value from O(1) time complexity, we need constant time. So, deque is one of the possible advantages of using both stack and queue. O(1) Time Complexity The O(1) time complexity is also known as constant time which defines an algorithm for taking the same amount of time instead of using size input. Syntax The basic syntax of deque data structure is as follows: deque name_of_queue; Here, deque : It ...
Read MoreWhat is the correct way to use printf to print a size_t in C/C++?
We should use "%zu" to print the variables of size_t length. We can use "%d" also to print size_t variables, it may not always produce an error. The correct way to print size_t variables is use of "%zu", because compiler standard %zu is defined as a format specifier for this unsigned type. Following is the description of "%zu" format: z is a length modifier. u stands for an unsigned type. C Example to Print Value of size_t Variable In this example, we demonstrate a C program that correctly prints a ...
Read Moreexit(), abort() and assert() in C/C++
In C and C++ programming, the exit(), abort(), and assert() functions are used for program termination and debugging. Each of these functions have different purpose and defined in different header files. In this article, we will learn these functions and their usage with the help of examples. The exit() Function In C/C++, exit() function is used to terminate the function call immediately without the executing further processes. This function is defined in (in C) and / (in C++) header file and does not return any value. Syntax Following is the basic syntax of exit() function: void exit(int status_value); Here, ...
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