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Articles by Sarika Singh
Page 8 of 14
How to list non-hidden files and directories in windows using Python?
Listing files and directories using Python is a common task in many applications, from file management tools to automated scripts. However, when we are working on the Windows Operating System, the hidden files and folders are marked using specific file attributes, which can clutter the output if not handled properly. Unlike Unix-based systems, where hidden files typically start with a dot such as .hidden) whereas Windows uses metadata to mark files as hidden. In this article, we'll explore several methods to list only non-hidden files and directories. Basic Filtering by Name Prefix This is the basic Filtering method, which checks ...
Read MoreWhat are the allowed characters in Python function names?
In Python, function names follow specific rules. A valid function name can only contain certain characters, and it must follow the naming conventions defined in the Python language syntax. Using the correct characters ensures that your code runs without syntax errors and stays readable. Allowed Characters in Function Names Python function names can consist of the following characters - Letters (A–Z, a–z) Digits (0–9) — but not at the beginning Underscores (_) — often used to separate words Function names must follow these rules - Must start with a letter or underscore Cannot start with a digit ...
Read MoreWhat is the difference between \\\'except Exception as e\\\' and \\\'except Exception, e\\\' in Python?
You can handle errors in Python using the try and except blocks. Sometimes, we also want to store the actual exception in a variable to print it or inspect it. This is done using the as keyword in modern Python. But if you have seen older code, you might find except Exception e or even except Exception, e being used. In this article, we will explore the difference between these syntaxes, understand why older ones no longer work in Python 3, and learn the best practices for clean exception handling. Understanding Basic Exception Handling Python provides try-except blocks to catch ...
Read MoreHow to catch KeyError Exception in Python?
In Python, a KeyError exception occurs when a dictionary key that does not exist is accessed. This can be avoided by using proper error handling with the try and except blocks, which can catch the error and allow the program to continue running. Understanding KeyError in Python A KeyError is raised when you try to access a key that doesn't exist in a dictionary. It is one of the built-in exceptions that can be handled by Python's try and except blocks. Example: Accessing a non-existent key In this example, we are attempting to access a key that does not exist ...
Read MoreHow to return a json object from a Python function?
In Python, you need to use the built-in json module to work with JSON data. When you want to return data from a function in JSON format, you can use the json.dumps() function to convert a Python dictionary (or similar object) into a JSON string. This is helpful when making APIs, sending data in web responses, or saving organized data in files. Using json.dumps() Function The json.dumps function is used to convert a Python object (like a dictionary or list) into a JSON-formatted string. Syntax Following is its basic syntax - json.dumps(python_object) Where python_object is usually a dictionary or list ...
Read MoreWrite down a python function to convert camel case to snake case?
Camel case and snake case are ways of writing words together when we are programming. In camel case, we write words together without spaces and we start each new word with a capital letter except for the first word. For example, if we want to write a variable name for someone's date of birth, we can write it like this: dateOfBirth. In snake case, we write words together with an underscore symbol between them, and all the letters are lowercase. For example, if we want to write a variable name for someone's home address, we can write it like this: ...
Read MoreHow to pass arguments by value in Python function?
In Python, when you pass arguments to a function, they are passed by object reference. This means the function gets a reference (or pointer) to the actual object, not a copy of it. However, how this reference affects the object depends on whether the object is mutable or immutable. Mutable objects (like lists, dictionaries, and sets) can be changed inside the function. If you modify a mutable object inside the function, the changes will affect the original object outside the function as well. Immutable objects (like numbers, strings, and tuples) cannot be changed. If you try to modify ...
Read MoreHow to pass optional parameters to a function in Python?
In Python, you can pass optional parameters to functions, allowing you to call a function with fewer arguments than specified. Optional parameters are useful for providing default values when certain arguments are not provided. Python provides different ways to define optional parameters, including default values, variable-length argument lists, and keyword arguments. Using Default Arguments One common way to pass optional parameters is by setting default values for the parameters in the function definition. If no argument is passed for those parameters during the function call, the default value is used. Example In the following example, the greet() function has an ...
Read MoreHow to produce documentation for Python functions?
In Python, documenting your functions is an important step that helps others understand what your code does, what inputs it expects, and what it returns. Python provides a built-in way to write documentation using docstrings. By producing good documentation, you can make your code more readable and usable in larger projects or by external users. Using Docstrings A docstring is a string that appears just after the definition of a function. It describes what the function does, its parameters, and its return value. You write it using triple quotes (""" or '''). Syntax Following is the syntax for writing a ...
Read MoreHow to catch a python exception in a list comprehension?
Before we understand how to catch a Python exception in a list comprehension, let us first learn what a list comprehension is.Python List Comprehension List comprehension is a statement that allows you to create a list and execute a for loop, all in a single sentence.This also allows the lists to be created from other iterables like tuples, strings, arrays, lists, and so on. The syntax of list comprehension is given below - List = [expression(element) for element in list if condition] The Python list and list comprehension capability, which may be used inside a single line of code ...
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