The process of deposition of an oxide film on a metal surface is known as anodizing. The anodizing is an electrolytic passivation process, mainly used to increase the thickness of the natural oxide layer on the surface of the metal.This process is called anodizing because the metal part to be ... Read More

An electric light bulb or lamp that produces light by heating a filament wire to a high temperature until it glows is known as incandescent bulb. The incandescent bulb was invented by an American inventor, named Thomas Alva Edison.The incandescent bulb is an electric lamp that works on the principle ... Read More

An electric heating appliance that is used to heat up water is known as electric water heater. The electric water heater brings cold water in through the dip tube and heats this water using the heat produced by an electric heating element and the heated water taken out through outlet ... Read More

A sodium vapor lamp is type of gas-discharge lamp that uses sodium (Na) in an exciting condition to produce light of thick blue color. The first sodium vapor lamp was commercially designed by Philips in 1932 in Holland.Circuit Diagram of Sodium Vapor LampThe circuit diagram and the construction of a ... Read More

A gas discharge lamp that uses an electric arc through the vaporized mercury to produce light is known as mercury vapor lamp. The operation of the mercury vapor lamp is based on the excitation of atom of some gaseous medium. Also, the frequency and the wavelength of the radiation given ... Read More

A halogen lamp or tungsten halogen lamp is an incandescent lamp. The halogen lamp consists of a tungsten filament enclosed in an environment of an inert gas like argon and a small amount of a halogen like bromine or iodine. The combination of the tungsten filament and the halogen results ... Read More

A fluorescent lamp, also called fluorescent tube, is a low pressure mercury vapor gas-discharge lamp that works on the principle of fluorescence to emit visible light.When an electric current is passed through the fluorescent tube, it excites the mercury vapor which produces UV rays that then causes a phosphor coating ... Read More

Different welding techniques are used for welding different metals or alloys, which are described below.Metal or AlloysWelding Methods & TechniquesDescriptionMild steels or Low carbon steelsForge weldingResistance weldingArc weldingGas weldingNo flux is required.Welding rods are made up of either mild steel or pure iron.No preheating of work is required.In order to ... Read More

Light is the electromagnetic radiation whose frequency is around 390 nm to 700 nm, and it is visible to the eyes of the human. Light is a form of energy which is produced from different source and these sources are termed as light sources.Types of Light SourcesThe sources of light ... Read More

The light received by any surface depends upon the distance of that surface from the source of light. The inverse square law gives the relation between the distance of the surface and the illumination of the surface.Statement of Inverse Square LawThe inverse square law states that "the illumination of a ... Read More