Welding Techniques for Different Types of Metals

Power Systems Utilisation of Electrical Power Utilization of Electrical Energy Electrical Engineering

Different welding techniques are used for welding different metals or alloys, which are described below.

Metal or Alloys	Welding Methods & Techniques	Description
Mild steels or Low carbon steels	Forge welding Resistance welding Arc welding Gas welding	No flux is required. Welding rods are made up of either mild steel or pure iron. No preheating of work is required. In order to minimize oxidation of steel in gas welding process, a neutral flame is used.
Medium carbon steels (Carbon 0.3% – 0.5%)	Arc welding Resistance welding Gas welding Thermit welding	Preheating required. The preheating temperature varies from 100 °C to 400 °C, depending upon the carbon content in the steel. A slightly carbonized flame used in gas welding process.
High carbon steel	Arc welding Resistance welding Gas welding Thermit welding	Preheating of about 400 °C temperature is required. Sudden cooling should be avoided. To relieve the residual stresses, heat treatment of high carbon steels is necessary.
Alloy steels (Contains carbon and small amount of nickel, copper, silicon, manganese, molybdenum, chromium, etc.)	Shielded metal arc welding Submerged arc welding Resistance welding	Preheating and slow cooling after welding is essential to avoid the cracks in the weld.
Stainless steel	Metal arc welding Oxy-acetylene welding Electric butt welding	A suitable electrode should be selected. Flux may or may not be used. For obtaining a sound weld, cleaning of edges to be welded and removal of slag after each run is necessary.
Cast steel	Gas welding with neutral flame	Preheating of heavy casting is essential to minimize straining of metals due to heating during the welding process.
Cast iron	Metal arc welding Oxy-acetylene welding Braze welding	The cast iron parts are preheated to a dull red heat and then welded. After welding, it is important to anneal the casting.
Aluminum and its alloys	Inert gas tungsten arc welding Atomic hydrogen welding All types of inert gas welding	For welding of cast aluminum, preheating and slow cooling after welding is necessary.
Copper and its alloys	Metal arc welding Carbon arc welding	The DC supply with straight polarity is used for welding of copper and its alloys. In gas welding of copper, a neutral flame and a filler rod of copper and silver alloy is used.
Nickel and its alloys	Metal arc welding Resistance welding Oxy-acetylene welding	Flux is not required.

Manish Kumar Saini

Updated on 05-Apr-2022 11:02:53

0 Views

Previous Page Next Page

Advertisements