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Articles by Arnab Chakraborty
Page 267 of 377
Unique Paths in Python
Suppose there is a robot is located at the top-left corner of a n x m grid (n rows and m columns). The robot can only move either down side or right side at any point in time. The robot wants to reach the bottom-right corner of the grid (marked 'END in the diagram below). So we have to find how many possible unique paths are there? For example if m = 3 and n = 2, then the grid will be like below −RoboENDThe output will be 3, So there are total 3 different ways to reach from start ...
Read MoreComplex Number Multiplication in C++
Suppose we have two strings that are representing complex numbers, we have to parse them and perform complex number multiplication, then return result as a string.So if the input is like “1+-1i” and “1+-1i”, then the result will be “0+-2i”.To solve this, we will follow these steps −aa := a pair of real and imaginary of first complex numberbb := a pair of real and imaginary of second complex numberx := aa.real * bb.real – aa.img*bb.imgy := aa.real * bb.img + aa.img*bb.realreturn the string as “x+yi”Let us see the following implementation to get better understanding −Example#include using namespace std; ...
Read MoreUnique Paths II in C++
Suppose there is a robot is located at the top-left corner of a n x m grid (n rows and m columns). The robot can only move either down side or right side at any point in time. The robot wants to reach the bottom-right corner of the grid (marked 'END in the diagram below).Some cell in the grid is marked, that will be considered as obstacles. So we have to find how many possible unique paths are there? For example if the grid is like [[0, 0, 0], [0, 1, 0], [0, 0, 0]], then the grid will be ...
Read MoreSearch a 2D Matrix in C++
Suppose we have write an efficient algorithm to searches for a value in one m x n matrix. This matrix has some properties like below −Each row is sorted from left to rightThe first number of each row is greater than the last integer of the previous row.So if the matrix is like −1357101116202330345053627898And if the target value is 16, then the output will be True.Let us see the steps −n := number of rows, if n is 0, then return false, m := number of columns, if m = 0, then return falselow := 0 and high := n ...
Read MoreRemove Duplicates from Sorted Array II in C++
Suppose we have a sorted array nums, we have to remove the duplicates in-place such that duplicates elements will appear at most twice and return the new length. To do this task we cannot take extra space. We have to solve this with O(1) amount of space. For example, if the array is like [0,0,0,1,1,1,1,2,3,3], then the output will be [0,0,1,1,2,3,3], its length is 7Let us see the steps −len := 2 and n := size of arrayif n
Read MoreRemove Duplicates from Sorted List II in C++
Suppose we have a list of some elements. We have to remove all elements that have occurred more than once. So only the distinct elements will remain in the list. So if the list is like [1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 5, 6, 6, 7, 8], then the output will be [3, 5, 7, 8], all other elements are present more than once.Let us see the steps −Create a dummy node with value -1, prev := NULL, dummyPtr := dummywhile head is not nullif next of head is present or the value of head is not same as the ...
Read MoreSubsets II in C++
Suppose we have a set of numbers; we have to generate all possible subsets of that set. This is also known as power set. We have to keep in mind that the elements may be duplicate. So if the set is like [1, 2, 2], then the power set will be [[], [1], [2], [1, 2], [2, 2], [1, 2, 2]]Let us see the steps −Define one array res and another set called xWe will solve this using recursive approach. So if the recursive method name is called solve(), and this takes index, one temporary array, and the array of ...
Read MoreReverse Linked List II in C++
Suppose we have a linked list. We have to reverse the nodes from position m to n. We have to do it in one pass. So if the list is [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] and m = 2 and n = 4, then the result will be [1, 4, , 3, 2, 5]Let us see the steps −There will be two methods, the reverseN() and reverseBetween(). The reverseBetween() will work as main method.define one link node pointer called successor as nullThe reverseN will work as follows −if n = 1, then successor := next of head, and return headlast ...
Read MoreLinked List Cycle II in C++
Consider we have a linked list, and we have to check whether there is any cycle or not. To represent the cycle in the given linked list, we will use one integer pointer called pos. This pos represents a position in the linked list where tail is connected. So if pos is -1, then there is no cycle present in the linked list. For example, the linked list is like [5, 3, 2, 0, -4, 7], and pos = 1. So there is a cycle, and tail is connected to the second node. The constraint is that we cannot modify ...
Read MoreBinary Tree Preorder Traversal in Python
Suppose we have a binary tree. We have to return the preorder traversal of that tree. So if the tree is like −Then the preorder traversal will be: [3, 9, 20, 15, 7]To solve this, we will follow these steps −make empty lists called res and st.node := rootwhile node or st is not emptywhile node is not null, theninsert val of node into res, insert node into st and set node := left of nodetemp := last element of st, and delete last element of stif right of temp is available, thennode := right of tempreturn resLet us see ...
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