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Articles by Arjun Thakur
Page 33 of 75
What does '?' do in C/C++?
The operator ‘?’ is known as ternary operator as it requires three operands to act upon. It can be represented by “ ? : ”. It is also known as conditional operator. The operator improves the performance and reduces the lines of code.Here is the syntax of ternary operator in C language, Expression1 ? Expression2 : Expression3Here is an example of Ternary Operator in C language, Example#include int main() { int a = -1; double b = 26.4231; int c = a? printf("True value : %lf", b):printf("False value : 0"); return 0; }OutputHere is ...
Read MoreHow to schedule tasks in Java to run for repeated fixed-delay execution, beginning at the specified time
One of the methods in the Timer class is the void schedule(TimerTask task, Date firstTime, long period) method. This method schedules tasks for repeated fixed-delay execution, beginning at the specified time.In fixed-delay execution, each execution is scheduled with respect to the original execution time of the preceding execution. If an execution is delayed for a particular reason (case in point, garbage collection), the subsequent executions will be delayed as well.Declaration −The java.util.Timer.schedule(TimerTask task, Date firstTime, long period) is declared as follows −public void schedule(TimerTask task, Date firstTime, long period)Here, task is the task to be scheduled, firstTime is the first ...
Read Morestrcat() vs strncat() in C++
Both strcat() and strncat() are predefined string functions in C++. Details about these are given as follows.strcat()This function is used for concatenation. It appends a copy of the source string at the end of the destination string and returns a pointer to the destination string. The syntax of strcat() is given as follows.char *strcat(char *dest, const char *src)A program that demonstrates strcat() is given as follows.Example#include #include using namespace std; int main() { char str1[20] = "Mangoes are "; char str2[20] = "yellow"; strcat(str1, str2); cout
Read MoreInitializing array with variable vs a real number in C++
An array is a collection of same type of elements at contiguous memory location. The lowest address in the array corresponds to the first element while highest address corresponds to the last element. The array index starts with zero(0) and ends with the size of array minus one(array size - 1).An array can be initialized with variables as well as real numbers. A program that demonstrates this is given as follows.Example#include using namespace std; int main() { int a = 5; int b = 3; int arr[4]; arr[0] = a; arr[1] = 8; arr[2] = b; arr[3] = 2; cout
Read Morelog1p() in C++
The function log1p() is used to calculate the natural logarithm (base e logarithm) of (a+1) where a is any number. It returns the value of natural logarithm of (a+1). It returns Not a number(Nan) when we pass a value which is less than -1.Here is the mathematical expression of log1p(), log1p(a) = base-e log(a+1)Here is the syntax of log1p() in C++ language, float log1p(float variable_name);Here, variable_name − Any name given to the variable whose logarithmic value is calculated.Here is an example of log1p() in C++ language, Example#include #include using namespace std; int main() { int x ...
Read MoreRandom vs Secure Random numbers in Java
Java provides two classes for having random numbers generation - SecureRandom.java and Random.java.The random numbers can be used generally for encryption key or session key or simply password on web server.SecureRandom is under java.security package while Random.java comes under java.util package.The basic and important difference between both is SecureRandom generate more non predictable random numbers as it implements Cryptographically Secure Pseudo-Random Number Generator (CSPRNG) as compare to Random class which uses Linear Congruential Generator (LCG).A important point to mention here is SecureRandom is subclass of Random class and inherits its all method such as nextBoolean(), nextDouble(), nextFloat(), nextGaussian(), nextInt() and ...
Read MoreFormat floating point with Java MessageFormat
To format message with floating point fillers in Java, we use the MessageFormat class. The MessageFormat class gives us a way to produce concatenated messages which are not dependent on the language. The MessageFormat class extends the Serializable and Cloneable interfaces.Declaration −The java.text.MessageFormat class is declared as follows −public class MessageFormat extends FormatThe MessageFormat.format(pattern, params) method formats the message and fills in the missing parts using the objects in the params array matching up the argument numbers and the array indices.The format method has two arguments, a pattern and an array of arguments. The pattern contains placeholder in {} curly ...
Read MoreDifference between x++ and x= x+1 in Java programming
x++ automatically handles the type casting where as x= x + 1 needs typecasting in case of x is not an int variable. See the example below.Examplepublic class Tester { public static void main(String args[]) { byte b = 2; //Type casting is required //as 1 is int and b is byte variable b = (byte) (b + 1); System.out.println(b); byte b1 = 2; //Implcit type casting by the compiler b1++; System.out.println(b1); } }Output3 3
Read MoreHow to schedule tasks in Java to run for repeated fixed-delay execution, beginning after the specified delay
One of the methods in the Timer class is the void schedule(TimerTask task, long delay, long period) method. This method schedules tasks for repeated fixed-delay execution, beginning after the specified delay.In fixed-delay execution, each execution is scheduled with respect to the original execution time of the preceding execution. If an execution is delayed for a particular reason (case in point, garbage collection), the subsequent executions will be delayed as well.Declaration −The java.util.Timer.schedule(TimerTask task, long delay, long period) is declared as follows −public void schedule(TimerTask task, long delay, long period)Here, task is the task to be scheduled, delay is the delay ...
Read MoreHow to prevent Serialization to break a Singleton Class Pattern?
A Singleton pattern states that a class can have a single instance and multiple instances are not permitted to be created. For this purpose, we make the constructor of the class a private and return a instance via a static method. But using serialization, we can still create multiple instance of a class. See the example below −Example - Breaking Singletonimport java.io.ByteArrayInputStream; import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.ObjectInputStream; import java.io.ObjectOutputStream; import java.io.Serializable; public class Tester{ public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, IOException{ A a = A.getInstance(); A b = ...
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