A zombie process is a process whose execution is completed but it still has an entry in the process table. Zombie processes usually occur for child processes, as the parent process still needs to read its child’s exit status. Once this is done using the wait system call, the zombie ... Read More

The Linux kernel modules can be loaded or removed from the kernel as required. This can be done without recompiling the kernel or rebooting the system and it enhances the functionality of the system.Without the kernel modules, the operating system would have to include all the systems that provide all ... Read More

Solaris is a Unix based operating system that was developed by Sun Microsystems and after its acquisition by Oracle, it is known as Oracle Solaris. It is known for its scalability and its innovative features such as DTrace, ZFS, Time Slider etc. Solaris is a microkernel design and it is ... Read More

Unix is a multiuser, multitasking operating system that was developed by Bell Laboratories in 1969. In a multiuser system, many users can use the system simultaneously. A multitasking system is capable of doing multiple jobs. Each user interacts with their own shell instance in this type of operating system and ... Read More

The iOS is the operating system created by Apple Inc. for mobile devices. The iOS is used in many of the mobile devices for apple such as iPhone, iPod, iPad etc. The iOS is used a lot and only lags behind Android in terms of popularity.The iOS architecture is layered. ... Read More

MS-DOS is an operating system created for personal computers. It was developed by Microsoft. It is a classic example of an operating system with a layered structure. MS-DOS operating system is split into various layers and each of the layers have different functionalities.Layering provides a distinct advantage in the MS-DOS ... Read More

A microkernel is the minimum software that is required to correctly implement an operating system. This includes memory, process scheduling mechanisms and basic inter-process communication.A diagram that demonstrates the architecture of a microkernel is as follows −In the above diagram, the microkernel contains basic requirements such as memory, process scheduling ... Read More

There are mainly two categories of programs i.e. application programs and system programs. A diagram that demonstrates their place in the logical computer hierarchy is as follows −Application ProgramsThese programs perform a particular function directly for the users. Some of the common application programs include Email, web browsers, gaming software, ... Read More

A shell script is a list of commands in a computer program that is run by the Unix shell which is a command line interpreter. A shell script usually has comments that describe the steps. The different operations performed by shell scripts are program execution, file manipulation and text printing. ... Read More

Clustered systems are similar to parallel systems as they both have multiple CPUs. However a major difference is that clustered systems are created by two or more individual computer systems merged together. Basically, they have independent computer systems with a common storage and the systems work together.Clustered System StructureThe structure ... Read More