Disc scheduling is an important process in operating systems that determines the order in which disk access requests are serviced. The objective of disc scheduling is to minimize the time it takes to access data on the disk and to minimize the time it takes to complete a disk access request. Disk access time is determined by two factors: seek time and rotational latency. Seek time is the time it takes for the disk head to move to the desired location on the disk, while rotational latency is the time taken by the disk to rotate the desired data sector ... Read More

As a computer user, you might have noticed that your computer's hard drive can become cluttered and slow over time. This is where disk management comes into play. Disk management is a process used by your computer's operating system to manage the storage of your data on your hard drive. In this article, we will simplify the concept of disk management and explore the different tasks involved in managing your hard drive. We will also discuss the tools available to help you manage your hard drive and some simple tips to keep your hard drive running smoothly. Definition of Disk ... Read More

An operating system is software that manages every single aspect of a computer so that it can function smoothly and properly. Because of this reason, the OS has to perform several tasks simultaneously. Doing simultaneous tasks isn’t really a problem for the OS but when this simultaneous task uses a common resource, then it becomes a mishap. To overcome this situation synchronization is introduced, which basically manages the processes that share the same resource. Dining Philosophers problem is a classic synchronization problem. What is Dining Philosophers Problem? The story behind Dining Philosophers problem is that it represents a scenario where ... Read More

In operating system, there are some common types of "stucking" situations. Among these, Deadlock, Starvation, and Livelock are three well-known terms. Deadlock, Starvation, and Livelock are related concepts in computer science that deal with synchronization issues in concurrent systems. Understanding these concepts is important for designing and implementing correct and efficient concurrent systems. Deadlock − A situation where two or more processes are waiting for each other to release a resource, creating a standstill. In other words, each process is holding a resource that the other process needs, and both are waiting for the other to release the resource. ... Read More

In a computer system a deadlock is where two or more processes are unable to proceed because each process is waiting for the other to release a resource that it needs to continue execution. In other words, a deadlock occurs when two or more processes are in a circular wait state, and none of them can release the resources they hold until they receive the resources they are waiting for. Deadlock System Model − The Deadlock System model is a way to describe and analyze systems that may be prone to deadlocks, which occur when two or more processes are ... Read More

Deadlock is a complex and potentially detrimental situation that can arise in computer systems where multiple processes are competing for the same shared resources. When two or more processes become deadlocked, it means that each process is holding on to resources that are necessary for the other process(es) to complete their tasks. This can lead to a complete standstill, as none of the processes can move forward without the release of the required resources. Deadlocks can cause severe performance and stability issues in a system, which can ultimately result in system downtime or even failure. Therefore, it is essential to ... Read More

Introduction Contiguous memory allocation is a memory management technique used by operating systems to allocate memory to processes in contiguous blocks. In this technique, a process is allocated a single block of memory that is contiguous or adjacent to each other. This ensures that memory is efficiently utilized, with minimal fragmentation and wasted memory. Contiguous memory allocation is a widely used technique in modern operating systems and has several advantages, including efficient memory utilization, fast access to memory, and simple management. However, it also has some limitations, such as the possibility of external fragmentation, large block requirements, and fixed block ... Read More

Introduction In operating systems, memory allocation refers to the process of assigning memory to different processes or programs running on a computer system. There are two types of memory allocation techniques that operating systems use: contiguous and non-contiguous memory allocation. In contiguous memory allocation, memory is assigned to a process in a contiguous block. In non-contiguous memory allocation, memory is assigned to a process in non-adjacent blocks. Contiguous Memory Allocation Contiguous memory allocation is a technique where the operating system allocates a contiguous block of memory to a process. This memory is allocated in a single, continuous chunk, making it ... Read More

Introduction A file system is a way of organizing and managing files on a storage device such as a hard disk or a flash drive. It provides a logical structure to the physical storage space and allows users and applications to access and manipulate the files. A file system typically consists of three components: files, directories, and file metadata. The file system hierarchy starts with a root directory and includes subdirectories that can contain files and further subdirectories. File allocation methods, security, maintenance, and performance are all important considerations in designing and using a file system. Definition of File System ... Read More

Introduction A file system is a method used to organize and manage data on a storage device, such as a hard disk or solid-state drive. It provides a logical structure for storing and retrieving files by defining how data is stored and accessed. A file system consists of two main components: the data structures that represent the files and directories, and the algorithms used to access and manage them. File systems typically provide features such as file permissions, file compression, and disk quotas to ensure efficient and secure use of storage space. There are various file systems available, including FAT, ... Read More