Server Side Programming Articles - Page 2362 of 2646

An array can be created using all data types such as int, char, float, double etc. But creating an array by using the void data type is not possible. An error will be displayed if that is done.A program that demonstrates this is given as follows.Example Live Demo#include #include int main() {    void arr1[4];    printf("A void array");    return 0; }OutputThe above program returns the following error.error: declaration of ‘arr1’ as array of voids void arr1[4];Now let us understand the above program.An array arr1 of void data type is created in the above program. Since this is ... Read More

An array is a collection of same type of elements at contiguous memory location. The lowest address in the array corresponds to the first element while highest address corresponds to the last element. The array index starts with zero(0) and ends with the size of array minus one(array size - 1).An array can be initialized with variables as well as real numbers. A program that demonstrates this is given as follows.Example Live Demo#include using namespace std; int main() {    int a = 5;    int b = 3;    int arr[4];    arr[0] = a;    arr[1] = 8;    arr[2] = b;    arr[3] = 2;    cout

A local array cannot be directly returned from a C++ function as it may not exist in memory after the function call. A way to resolve this is to use a static array in the function. As the lifetime of the static array is the whole program, it can easily be returned from a C++ function without the above problem.A program that demonstrates this is given as follows.Example Live Demo#include using namespace std; int *retArray() {    static int arr[10];    for(int i = 0; i

A 2-D array can be easily passed as a parameter to a function in C. A program that demonstrates this when both the array dimensions are specified globally is given as follows.Example Live Demo#include const int R = 4; const int C = 3; void func(int a[R][C]) {    int i, j;    for (i = 0; i < R; i++)    for (j = 0; j < C; j++)    a[i][j] += 5; ; } int main() {    int a[R][C];    int i, j;    for (i = 0; i < R; i++)    for (j = 0; ... Read More

A 2D array can be dynamically allocated in C using a single pointer. This means that a memory block of size row*column*dataTypeSize is allocated using malloc and pointer arithmetic can be used to access the matrix elements. A program that demonstrates this is given as follows. Example Live Demo #include #include int main() { int row = 2, col = 3; int *arr = (int *)malloc(row * col * sizeof(int)); int i, j; for (i = 0; i < row; i++) ... Read More

The details about a pointer and array that showcase their difference are given as follows.PointerA pointer is a variable that stores the address of another variable. When memory is allocated to a variable, pointer points to the memory address of the variable. Unary operator ( * ) is used to declare a pointer variable.The following is the syntax of pointer declaration.datatype *variable_name;Here, the datatype is the data type of the variable like int, char, float etc. and variable_name is the name of variable given by user.A program that demonstrates pointers is given as follows.Example Live Demo#include int main () { ... Read More

Use of the new operator signifies a request for the memory allocation on the heap. If the sufficient memory is available, it initializes the memory and returns its address to the pointer variable.The new operator should only be used if the data object should remain in memory until delete is called. Otherwise if the new operator is not used, the object is automatically destroyed when it goes out of scope. In other words, the objects using new are cleaned up manually while other objects are automatically cleaned when they go out of scope.The following is the syntax of new operator.pointer_variable ... Read More

Static variables can be defined using the static keyword. They are variables that remain in memory while the program is running i.e. their lifetime is the entire program run. This is different than automatic variables as they remain in memory only when their function is running and are destroyed when the function is over.Function-level static variables are created and initialized the first time that they are used although the memory for then is allocated at program load time.A program that demonstrates function-level static variables in C is given as follows −Example Live Demo#include int func() {    static int num = ... Read More

News API is very famous API for searching and fetching news articles from any web site, using this API anyone can fetch top 10 heading line of news from any web site. But using this API, one thing is required which is the API key. Example Code import requests def Topnews(): # BBC news api my_api_key="Api_number” my_url = = " https://newsapi.org/v1/articles?source=bbc-news&sortBy=top&apiKey=my_api_key" my_open_bbc_page = requests.get(my_url).json() my_article = my_open_bbc_page["articles"] my_results = [] for ar in my_article: ... Read More

Minkowski distance is a metric in a normed vector space that measures the distance between two or more vectors. This is typically used in machine learning to find distance similarity. The formula to calculate the Minkowski distance is - $$\mathrm{D= \big[\sum_{i=1}^{n}|r_i-s_i|^p\big]^{1/p}}$$ Where, xi and yi: Two points in n-dimensional space p: Parameter that determines the type of distance being calculated. For example, if p=1, it is the Manhattan distance, and if p=2, it represents Euclidean distance. For example, if we consider the following vector's as input - x = (0, ... Read More