Server Side Programming Articles - Page 1663 of 2650

Here we will see some basic concepts of the sorted arrays. The arrays are homogeneous data structure to hold same kind of data in some consecutive memory locations. Sometimes we need to sort the elements to use them. Other than that we can make a sorted array. That will always be sorted.In this case we will see the algorithms for insert and delete into sorted array. If we insert some element in it, it will automatically be placed at sorted position. So we do not need to sort it again after insertion. When we delete, it will delete the element, ... Read More

As we know that the queue data structure is First in First Out data structure. The queue has some variations also. These are the Dequeue and the Priority Queue.The Dequeue is basically double ended queue. So there are two front and two rear pairs. One pair of front and rear pointer is used to describe the queue from left side, and another one is used to describe it from the right side. We can insert or delete elements from both side in this structure. Here we will see some C++ code using dequeue STL to understand its functionality.Example (Dequeue) Live Demo#include ... Read More

A queue is an abstract data structure that contains a collection of elements. Queue implements the FIFO mechanism i.e the element that is inserted first is also deleted first.Queue cane be one linear data structure. But it may create some problem if we implement queue using array. Sometimes by using some consecutive insert and delete operation, the front and rear position will change. In that moment, it will look like the queue has no space to insert elements into it. Even if there are some free spaces, that will not be used due to some logical problems. To overcome this ... Read More

Both Last() and LastOrDefault() will fetch the last occurrence of a value. But the major difference between Last() and LastOrDefault() is that Last() will throw an exception if there is no result data for the supplied criteria whereas LastOrDefault() will return the default value (null) if there is no result data.Use Last() when we knew the sequence will have at least one element. Use LastOrDefault() when we are not sure about the data.Example Live Demousing System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Diagnostics; using System.Linq; namespace ConsoleApp {    public class Student {       public int Id { get; set; }   ... Read More

Yield keyword helps to do custom stateful iteration over a collection. Meaning when we use yield keyword the control moves back and forth from the caller function to source and vice versa.Example Live Demousing System; using System.Collections.Generic; namespace DemoApplication {    class Program {       static List numbersList = new List {          1, 2, 3, 4, 5       };       public static void Main() {          foreach(int i in RunningTotal()) {             Console.WriteLine(i);          }          Console.ReadLine(); ... Read More

Generics allows us to define a class with placeholders for the type of its fields, methods, parameters, etc. Generics replace these placeholders with some specific type at compile time. A generic can be defined using angle brackets . A primary limitation of collections is the absence of effective type checking. This means that you can put any object in a collection because all classes in the C# programming language extend from the object base class.Also, we cannot simply return null from a generic method like in normal method. Below is the error that a generic method will throw if we ... Read More

While copying the entire contents of directory, it is more important that we have copy its sub directories and the related files.ExampleLet us consider demo source directory having sub directories and files like below. Below is the demo target directory which is empty initially.using System; using System.IO; namespace DemoApplication {    class Program {       public static void Main() {          string sourceDirectory = @"d:\DemoSourceDirectory";          string targetDirectory = @"d:\DemoTargetDirectory";          DirectoryInfo sourceDircetory = new DirectoryInfo(sourceDirectory);          DirectoryInfo targetDircetory = new DirectoryInfo(targetDirectory);          CopyAll(sourceDircetory, ... Read More

LINQ Except operator comes under Set operators category in LINQThe Except() method requires two collections and finding those elements which are not present in the second collectionExcept for the extension, the method doesn't return the correct result for the collection of complex types.Example using Except() method Live Demousing System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; namespace DemoApplication {    class Program {       static void Main(string[] args) {          List animalsList1 = new List {             "tiger", "lion", "dog"          };          Console.WriteLine($"Values in List1:");     ... Read More

Let us take we have to eliminate the line breaks, space and tab space from the below string.eliminate.jpgExampleWe can make use of Replace() extension method of string to do it. Live Demousing System; namespace DemoApplication {    class Program {       static void Main(string[] args) {          string testString = "Hello \r beautiful \t world";          string replacedValue = testString.Replace("\r", "_").Replace("\t", "_");          Console.WriteLine(replacedValue);          Console.ReadLine();       }    } }OutputThe output of the above code isHello _ beautiful _ worldExampleWe can also make use ... Read More

If the collection is a List, then we can make use of ForEach extension method which is available as part of LINQ.Example Live Demousing System; using System.Collections.Generic; namespace DemoApplication {    class Program {       static void Main(string[] args) {          List fruits = new List {             new Fruit {                Name = "Apple",                Size = "Small"             },             new Fruit {         ... Read More