Suppose we have a list of numbers called nums where nums[i] shows the predator of the ith animal and if there is no predator, it will hold −1. We have to find the smallest number of groups of animals such that no animal is in the same group with its direct or indirect predator.So, if the input is like nums = [1, 2, −1, 4, 5, −1], then the output will be 3, as we can have the groups like: [0, 3], [1, 4], [2, 5].To solve this, we will follow these steps −if A is empty, thenreturn 0adj := ... Read More

Suppose we have a number n and a 2D matrix called enemies. Here n indicates there is n people labeled from [0, n - 1]. Now each row in enemies contains [a, b] which means that a and b are enemies. We have to check whether it is possible to partition the n people into two groups such that no two people that are enemies are in the same group.So, if the input is like n = 4, enemies = [[0, 3], [3, 2]], then the output will be True, as we can have these two groups [0, 1, 2] ... Read More

Suppose we have a list of intervals where each interval is like [start, end) and we also have a list of strings called types. Now for a given i, the intervals[i] shows the times someone worked on the job types[i] from [start, end). Two intervals of the same type never overlap or touch. So we have to find a sorted merged list where each item has [start, end, num_types], indicates from start to end, num_types number of tasks were being worked on.So, if the input is like intervals = [ [0, 3], [5, 7], [0, 7] ] types = ["problem ... Read More

Suppose we have a square matrix, we have to rotate it 90 degrees counter-clockwise.147258369then the output will be789456123To solve this, we will follow these steps −if matrix is empty, thenreturn a blank listn := row count of matrixfor each row in matrix, doreverse the rowfor i in range 0 to n−1, dofor j in range 0 to i−1, doswap matrix[i, j] and matrix[j, i]return matrixLet us see the following implementation to get better understanding −Example Live Democlass Solution:    def solve(self, matrix):       if not matrix or not matrix[0]:          return []       n ... Read More

Suppose we have a robot, that is currently sitting in at position (0, 0) (Cartesian plane). If we have list of its moves that it can make, containing N(North), S(South), W(West), and E(East). However, if the robot reaches a spot it has been in before, it will continue moving in the same direction until it reaches a new unvisited spot. We have to check whether after its moves it will end at (x, y) coordinate or not.So, if the input is likemoves = ['N', 'N', 'E', 'N', 'W', 'S'], coord = [0, -1], then the output will be True, as ... Read More

Suppose we have a list of numbers called weights this is representing peoples' weights and a value limit determines the weight limit of one rocket ship. Now each rocketship can take at most two people. We have to find the minimum number of rocket ships it would take to rescue everyone to Planet.So, if the input is like weights = [300, 400, 300], limit = 600, then the output will be 2, as it will take one rocket ship to take the two people whose weights are 300 each, and another to take the person whose weight is 400.To solve ... Read More

Suppose we have a singly linked list, and another value k, we have to reverse every k contiguous group of nodes.So, if the input is like List = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10], k = 3, then the output will be [3, 2, 1, 6, 5, 4, 9, 8, 7, 10, ]To solve this, we will follow these steps −tmp := a new node with value 0next of tmp := nodeprev := null, curr := nulllp := temp, lc := currcnt := kwhile curr is not null, doprev := nullwhile cnt > 0 and curr ... Read More

Suppose we have a directed graph, we have to find its reverse so if an edge goes from u to v, it now goes from v to u. Here input will be an adjacency list, and if there are n nodes, the nodes will be (0, 1, ..., n-1).So, if the input is likethen the output will beTo solve this, we will follow these steps −ans := a list of n different lists, where n is number of verticesfor each index i, and adjacent list l in graph, dofor each x in l, doinsert i at the end of ans[x]return ... Read More

Suppose we have a linked list, we have to reverse it. So if the list is like 2 -> 4 -> 6 -> 8, then the new reversed list will be 8 -> 6 -> 4 -> 2.To solve this, we will follow this approach −Define one procedure to perform list reversal in recursive way as solve(head, back)if head is not present, then return headtemp := head.nexthead.next := backback := headif temp is empty, then return headhead := tempreturn solve(head, back)Let us see the following implementation to get better understanding −Exampleclass ListNode:    def __init__(self, data, next = None):   ... Read More

Suppose we have a string s, we repeatedly delete the first consecutive duplicate characters. We have to find the final string.So, if the input is like s = "xyyyxxz", then the output will be "z", as "yyy" are the first consecutive duplicate characters which will be deleted. So we have "xxxz". Then "xxx" will be deleted to end up with "z".To solve this, we will follow these steps −stack := a new stacki := 0while i < size of s, doif stack is not empty and top of stack is same as s[i], thenx := delete last element from stackwhile ... Read More