Language models in NLP are statistically generated computational models that capture relations between words and phrases to generate new text. Essentially, they can find the probability of the next word in a given sequence of words and also the probability of a entire sequence of words. These language models are important as they help in various NLP tasks such as machine translation, language generation, and word completion among others. You may not realize it, but when typing on computers or phones often the corrections made and your writing are essentially guided by NLP; Word completion and sometimes error detection ... Read More

Introduction The means of two groups are compared in statistics to see if they differ substantially from one another using a two-sample t-test. The test is frequently employed in scientific studies to ascertain whether two groups differ significantly on the basis of a continuous variable. In this article, we'll look at how to use Python's scipy.stats module to perform a two-sample t-test. Conducting a Two Sample T-Test Let's first understand the theory underlying the two-sample t-test before moving on to the implementation. The test assumes that the two sample populations are normally distributed with similar variances. The two groups' means ... Read More

Introduction One Sample T-Test is a statistical hypothesis test used to determine whether a population mean is significantly different from a hypothesised value. Python gives us the resources we need to carry out this test. In this article, we will walk through how to conduct a One Sample T-Test in Python using the SciPy library. Conducting a One Sample T-Test The first step in conducting a One Sample T-Test is to state the null and alternative hypotheses. The null hypothesis is the assumption that the population mean is equal to the hypothesized value. The alternative hypothesis is the opposite of ... Read More

HTML tags are used to design the skeleton of websites. We pass information and upload content in the form of strings enclosed within the tags. The strings between the HTML tags determines how the element will be displayed and interpreted by the browser. Therefore, the extraction of these strings plays a crucial role in data manipulation and processing. We can analyse and understand the structure of the HTML document. These strings reveal the hidden pattern and logic behind the construction of a webpage. In this article, we will be dealing with these strings. Our task is to extract the ... Read More

Python strings are sequence of characters that represent information or data. A normal string can contain various characters that are enclosed within single or double quotes but an Alphanumeric string only consist of digits and letters. Both alphanumeric and non-alphanumeric strings are used and applied in various scenarios including password protection, data processing and validation, formatting etc. Specific patterns can be identified and extracted. We can also provide different combinations using these types of strings. We will perform an operation based on these strings. Our task is to extract a string till first non-Alphanumeric character is encountered. Understanding the ... Read More

A python dictionary is a data structure that can be used for numerous operations making it a prolific programming tool. It stores data in the form of key-value pairs i.e., each data can be labelled with a unique key. Keys in dictionaries are identifiers that are associated with different values, these values can be accessed, modified and deleted. Based on the task, keys can be sorted and extracted in different orders. In this article, we will be discussing a similar concept of extracting N largest dictionaries keys. We will operate on these unique keys and extract the relevant data. ... Read More

Pattern recognition is an important programming concept. It allows us to retrieve specific data that satisfies a particular condition or match a particular sequence. This principle is helpful in various fields including language and image processing. String matching helps us to extract meaningful information from a large collection of data. In this article, we will be discussing a similar concept of extracting mesh matching strings from a given list of strings. Mesh matching focuses on the extraction “similar” strings of equal length, let’s discuss this problem in detail. Understanding the Problem The main concept is to extract similar ... Read More

Dictionaries in python are data structures that store data in the form of key-value pairs. Each key is unique and it is associated with different values. A dictionary helps us to access and retrieve data efficiently allowing a programmer to build an optimized code. Specific key-value pairs can be extracted from a given dictionary based on different requirements. This selective item extraction helps us to produce a dictionary consisting of relevant information. In this article, we will be discussing a similar concept of item extraction from a dictionary based on a reference “substring”. Understanding the Problem We ... Read More

Custom values are specific values that are defined and selected under certain criteria. In a large and complex dataset, specification is very important for constructing an optimized program and therefore extraction of relevant data becomes very important. We can pass a reference list according to which the values can be extracted. This reference list has its own implications as it stores concise information. In this article we will be discussing a similar concept of extracting dictionary items (both keys and values) for a custom data passed through a list. Understanding the Problem We will create a dictionary consisting ... Read More

Value extraction is a very popular programming concept and it is used in a wide variety of operations. However extracting values from a JSON response is a different concept all together. It helps us to build logic and target specific values in a complex dataset. This article will explain the various methods that can be used to extract a single value from a JSON response. Before we start with value extraction, let’s focus on understanding the meaning of a JSON response. What is a JSON Response? A JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) response is a widely accepted data format through ... Read More