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Protocols Articles
Page 6 of 12
Difference between HDLC and PPP
HDLC (High-Level Data Link Control) and PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) are two widely used data link layer protocols for communication between network devices. While both protocols facilitate data exchange between connected devices, they differ significantly in their design, features, and applications. What is HDLC? High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) is a synchronous, bit-oriented data link layer protocol used for transmitting data over point-to-point and multipoint links. It provides reliable and efficient data transmission between network devices. HDLC operates in two primary modes: Normal Response Mode (NRM) − One device (primary station) controls communication by initiating and ...
Read MoreDifference between MTP3 and MTP3B
Signaling System 7 (SS7) is a protocol suite that operates at the network layer of the OSI model, enabling network nodes to track and manage message transfers. The Message Transfer Part (MTP) forms the foundation of SS7 and is divided into three layers based on functionality. Layer 1 handles physical connectivity, Layer 2 ensures error-free transmission, and Layer 3 provides network routing services between signaling points. SS7 Protocol Stack Structure Application Layer (SCCP, TCAP, ISUP) MTP3 / MTP3B - ...
Read MoreDifference between MSS and MTU in Computer Networking
Maximum Segment Size (MSS) and Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) are crucial parameters in computer networking that determine packet sizes at different layers of the network stack. Understanding their differences is essential for network optimization and troubleshooting. Both parameters work together to ensure efficient data transmission while preventing fragmentation issues that can degrade network performance. MSS vs MTU in Network Stack Application Data TCP Header TCP Segment ...
Read MoreDifference Between RSTP and PVST
The Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) and the Per-VLAN Spanning Tree Protocol (PVST) are protocols used in Ethernet networks to prevent loops and provide network connection redundancy. RSTP is a Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) evolution that is designed to provide faster convergence times in response to changes in network topology. PVST is a Cisco proprietary protocol that creates a separate spanning tree for each VLAN using STP. RSTP vs PVST Overview RSTP Single spanning tree for entire network Standard Protocol ...
Read MoreDifference Between USB and Ethernet
USB and Ethernet are widely used data transfer technologies; however, they differ in their intended usage, data transfer speeds, and maximum cable lengths. USB specializes in connecting peripheral devices to computers, while Ethernet is designed for networking multiple devices together. Ethernet is capable of transmitting data over far longer distances than USB. Ethernet cables can be up to 100 metres long, although USB cables are normally limited to 5 metres for most versions. What is USB? USB (Universal Serial Bus) is a versatile communication protocol that has become the standard for connecting electronic devices to computers. Its ...
Read MoreDifference Between SCCP and MTP3
The Signalling Connection Control Part (SCCP) and Message Transfer Part Level 3 (MTP3) are both critical components of the SS7 (Signalling System 7) telecommunications network. While they work together to enable reliable signaling, they operate at different layers and provide distinct functionalities for network communication. SCCP Overview The Signalling Connection Control Part (SCCP) is a network layer protocol used in SS7 telecommunications networks. It provides enhanced routing capabilities, connection-oriented services, flow control, segmentation, and error recovery mechanisms. SCCP acts as an interface between applications and the underlying MTP layers, enabling more sophisticated addressing and routing than basic point ...
Read More10 IT Networking Protocols Skills to Land Your Dream Job
In the world of information technology (IT), networking protocols are essential skills for landing your dream job. Whether you are a beginner or an experienced IT professional, mastering networking protocols is a must-have skill for anyone who wants to succeed in the IT industry. This article explores the most important networking protocols that will give you a competitive edge in today's job market. What are IT Networking Protocols? IT networking protocols are a set of rules and standards that determine how data is transmitted over a computer network. These protocols establish connections between devices and ensure that data ...
Read MoreDifference between ICMP and IGMP
Both ICMP and IGMP are essential network protocols operating at the network layer of the OSI model. ICMP tracks messages and diagnoses network connectivity issues, while IGMP manages multicast group memberships for efficient data distribution to multiple receivers simultaneously. ICMP vs IGMP Protocol Comparison ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol • Error reporting • Network diagnostics • Unicast (1-to-1) IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol ...
Read MoreMOSS Concurrency Control Protocol (Distributed Locking in Database)
The MOSS (Multi-Object Synchronized Scheduling) Concurrency Control Protocol manages concurrency in distributed database systems by handling hierarchical transactions with parent-child relationships and lock inheritance. Distributed Locking Types Optimistic locking − No locks acquired upfront; conflicts detected at commit time. Pessimistic locking − Locks acquired before accessing shared resources; conflicts prevented from the start. MOSS Protocol MOSS is a hierarchical locking protocol for nested transactions where subtransactions can inherit locks from ancestors ? ...
Read MoreDifference between IP address and Port Number
Computers can communicate with each other over a network through port numbers and IP addresses. In this article, we will discuss the difference between IP Address and Port Number. What is an IP Address? IP Address can be expanded to Internet Protocol Address. This is an address which is used by a computer to receive data and information from other computers through the Internet. Billions of IP addresses are being used to make a connection between computers. These computers use either IPv4 or IPv6 addresses for making a connection. Previously IPv4 was used for networking as the number of users ...
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