Programming Articles - Page 2035 of 3363

In this tutorial, we will be discussing a program to understand negative_binomial_distribution in C++.This function follows the negative Binomial discrete distribution and produces integers according to this random distribution.Example Live Demo#include using namespace std; int main() {    //setting number of experiments    const int exps = 10000;    const int numberstars = 100;    default_random_engine generator;    negative_binomial_distribution distribution(4, 0.5);    int p[10] = {};    for (int i = 0; i < exps; ++i) {       int counting = distribution(generator);       if (counting < 10)          ++p[counting];    }    cout

In this tutorial, we will be discussing a program to understand multiset max_size() in C++ STL.The function max_size() returns the maximum number of elements a given container can hold.Example Live Demo#include using namespace std; int main(){    multiset s;    s.insert(10);    s.insert(13);    s.insert(13);    s.insert(25);    s.insert(24);    cout

In this tutorial, we will be discussing a program to understand multiset size() in C++ STL.The function size() returns the number of elements present into a given container.Example Live Demo#include using namespace std; int main(){    multiset s;    s.insert(10);    s.insert(13);    cout

In this tutorial, we will be discussing a program to understand order_of_key() in C++.The function order_of_key() takes in a key and returns the number of elements which are less than the key provided as parameter in an ordered set.Example Live Demo#include using namespace std; #include #include #include #include using namespace __gnu_pbds; using namespace std; //initializing ordered set typedef tree    ordered_set; int main(){    ordered_set mySet;    mySet.insert(5);    mySet.insert(2);    mySet.insert(6);    mySet.insert(4);       cout

The directory structure of JDK and JRE are almost the same, except that JDK has two additional directories like jmods and include and also there is no JRE subdirectory in the JDK9 version. The JDK directory is the root directory for JDK software installation. This directory also includes copyright, readme, and src.zip files, which can be a source code archive file of the Java platform.JDK Directory Structure:JDK-9    - bin    - conf    - include    - jmods    - legal    - libThe JDK/bin directory contains an executable and command-line launcher that can be defined by the modules linked to an image.The JDK/conf directory contains ... Read More

The below lines of code can be used, wherein UTF-8 input is expected.$chr_map = array(    // Windows codepage 1252    "\xC2\x82" => "'", // U+0082⇒U+201A single low-9 quotation mark    "\xC2\x84" => '"', // U+0084⇒U+201E double low-9 quotation mark    "\xC2\x8B" => "'", // U+008B⇒U+2039 single left-pointing angle quotation mark    "\xC2\x91" => "'", // U+0091⇒U+2018 left single quotation mark    "\xC2\x92" => "'", // U+0092⇒U+2019 right single quotation mark    "\xC2\x93" => '"', // U+0093⇒U+201C left double quotation mark    "\xC2\x94" => '"', // U+0094⇒U+201D right double quotation mark    "\xC2\x9B" => "'", // U+009B⇒U+203A single right-pointing angle ... Read More

A PHP reference is an alias, that allows two different variables to write it to the same value. In PHP version 5, an object variable doesn't contain the object itself as its value. It holds an object identifier that allows object accessors to find the actual object.When an object is sent by an argument, returned or assigned to a different variable, these different variables are not aliases. They contain a copy of the identifier, that points to the same object.Example$my_var = new class_name; echo $my_var->get_class_name(5)->value; $my_var->test(); echo $my_var->get_class_name(5)->value;OutputThis will produce the following output −class_name #5This isn't "pass by reference". It ... Read More

In PHP version 7+, the getrusage function can be used. Below is a sample code demonstration −Example Live Demo//beginning of the script $exec_start = getrusage(); //other code functionalities //end of the script function rutime($ru, $rus, $index) {    return ($ru["ru_$index.tv_sec"]*1000 + intval($ru["ru_$index.tv_usec"]/1000))    - ($rus["ru_$index.tv_sec"]*1000 + intval($rus["ru_$index.tv_usec"]/1000)); } $ru = getrusage(); echo "The process used " . rutime($ru, $exec_start, "utime") .    " ms for the computations"; echo "Spent " . rutime($ru, $exec_start, "stime") .    " ms during system calls";Note − There is no need to calculate the time difference if a php instance is spawned for every test.OutputThis will ... Read More

An else if is a better option.Below is a sample code for multiple if statements −if(condition_A){    //perform some action } if(condition_B){    //perform some action }Below is a sample code for else if statement −if(condition_A){    //perform some action } else if(condition_B){    //perform some action }When else if statements are used, if a condition is satisfied, the checking stops there and the operations associated with the condition are executed. This way, the operations and conditions get over quickly.

The answer is No. This is because 0123 means 123 with base 8 (an octal number) and its equivalent in decimal is 83.Prefixing a number with 0 indicates that it is an octal (base 8) number. This is similar to the fact that 0x indicates hex (base 16) numbers.Consider the below lines of code −Example Live Demovar_dump(123); var_dump(0123);OutputThis will produce the following output −int 123 int 83This is due to the fact that 0123 is an octal notation (notice the 0 at the beginning), whereas 123 is a decimal number.Now consider the below code −Examplevar_dump(79); var_dump(079);OutputThis will produce the following output ... Read More